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Additional researched vinca alkaloids include vincaminol, vineridine, and vinburnine. Vinpocetine is a semi-synthetic derivative of vincamine (sometimes described as "a synthetic ethyl ester of apovincamine"). [14] Minor vinca alkaloids include minovincine, methoxyminovincine, minovincinine, vincadifformine, desoxyvincaminol, and vincamajine ...
Vincamine is a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid found in the leaves of Vinca minor (lesser periwinkle), comprising about 25–65% of its indole alkaloids by weight. It can also be synthesized from related alkaloids. [1]
The alkaloids are a large group of natural products which are classified according to the part-structure which members of a particular group contain. Akuammicine is a monoterpene indole alkaloid of the Vinca sub-group which shares a common biosynthesis with other members, namely that they are derived from strictosidine.
The newer semi-synthetic chemotherapeutic agent vinorelbine, used in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer, [27] [30] can be prepared either from vindoline and catharanthine [27] [31] or from the vinca alkaloid leurosine, [32] in both cases via anhydrovinblastine. [31] The insulin-stimulating vincoline has been isolated from the plant ...
Vinpocetine (ethyl apovincaminate) is a synthetic derivative of the vinca alkaloid vincamine, differing by the removal of a hydroxyl group and by being the ethyl rather than the methyl ester of the underlying carboxylic acid. Vincamine is extracted from either the seeds of Voacanga africana or the leaves of Vinca minor (lesser periwinkle).
Vinblastine is a vinca alkaloid [9] [2] [10] and a chemical analogue of vincristine. [11] [12] It binds tubulin, thereby inhibiting the assembly of microtubules. [13]Vinblastine treatment causes M phase specific cell cycle arrest by disrupting microtubule assembly and proper formation of the mitotic spindle and the kinetochore, each of which are necessary for the separation of chromosomes ...
Catharanthus roseus, known formerly as Vinca rosea, is a main source of vinca alkaloids, now sometimes called catharanthus alkaloids. The plant produces about 130 of these compounds, including vinblastine and vincristine, two drugs used to treat cancer. [8] [9] [10] [11]
Vinorelbine is in the vinca alkaloid family of medications. [1] It is believed to work by disrupting the normal function of microtubules and thereby stopping cell division. [4] Vinorelbine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1994. [4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [5]