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Immortals (Greek: Ἀθάνατοι Athánatoi), or Persian Immortals, was the name given by the Greek historian Herodotus to a 10,000-strong unit of elite heavy infantry in the Achaemenid army. They served in a dual capacity, operating as an imperial guard and contributing to the ranks of the standing army .
The word comes from the Old Persian word asabāra (from asa- and bar, a frequently used Achaemenid military technical term). [citation needed] The various other renderings of the word are the following: Parthian asbār (spelt spbr or SWSYN), Middle Persian aswār (spelt ʼswbʼl or SWSYA), Classical Persian suwār (سوار), uswār/iswār (اسوار), Modern Persian savār (سوار).
Malekeh Queen Malekeh Jahaan World Queen, title shared by Nasser-ed-Din Shah's mother and Mohammad 'Ali Shah's wife. Mahd-e-Oliaa "Queen Mother" (Lit. Mahd = hearth or cradle; Olia' = most high; thus = "most high hearth or cradle" or "most high life giving place" ; i.e., place from whence one is born, and thus more elegantly translated as "Sublime Cradle."
A unit of 500 warriors was called a wašt, commanded by an officer with the rank of wašt-sālār. [8] Drafš was a large detachment (possibly numbering 1000 soldiers) under the command of an officer with the rank of drafš-sālār. [8] Units of 5,000 warriors were called gund, and they were commanded by a commander in the rank of gund-sālār. [8]
The Immortals was an elite cavalry unit of the army of the Sasanian Empire with the alleged size of 10,000 men, similar to the Achaemenid "Immortals" described by Herodotus. The name is derived from a term used by Roman historians to refer to the unit. Armenian and Islamic sources also have allusions to elite unit(s) in the Sasanian army.
The Achaemenid Empire (559–330 BCE) was the first of the Persian Empires to rule over significant portions of Greater Iran. The empire possessed a "national army" of roughly 120.000–150.000 troops, plus several tens of thousands of troops from their allies. The Persian army was divided into regiments of a thousand each, called hazarabam.
The Immortal Guard of Imperial Iran (Persian: یگان جاویدان شاهنشاهی ایران, romanized: gārd-e jāvidān-e šāhanšāhi-e irān), also known as Imperial Guard (Persian: یگان شاهنشاهی, romanized: gārd-e šāhanšāhi), was both the personal guard force of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran, and an elite combat branch of the Imperial Iranian Army.
Daylamites were among the people comprising the Seljuq army, and Ghaznavids also employed them as elite infantry. [10] Islamic sources record their characteristic painted shields and two-pronged short spears (in Persian: ژوپین zhūpīn; in Arabic: مزراق mizrāq) which could be