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A tear in the retina can allow fluids from the eye to leak in behind the retina, which causes retinal detachment. When this occurs, blood from the retinal blood vessels can bleed into the vitreous. [4] Retinal tear accounts for 11.4–44% of vitreous hemorrhage cases. [1]
The risk of retinal detachment is the greatest in the first 6 weeks following a vitreous detachment, but can occur over 3 months after the event.. The risk of retinal tears and detachment associated with vitreous detachment is higher in patients with myopic retinal degeneration, lattice degeneration, and a familial or personal history of previous retinal tears/detachment.
Retinal tear Experts say that retinal tears are one of the most concerning causes of eye floaters. "If the retina tears, it can release pigment or blood into the vitreous that would be seen as a ...
[8] [23] [24] In this technique, the vitreous gel is removed from the eye to relieve the pulling force on the retina. [8] [10] Any fluid behind the retina is drained, and tears are sealed with freezing or lasers. [8] [10] The removed vitreous is then replaced with either a gas bubble or silicone oil, which stabilizes the retina.
During rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, fluid from the vitreous humor enters a retinal hole. The mechanisms by which retinal holes or tears form are not fully understood yet. The accumulation of fluid in the subretinal space and the tractional force of the vitreous on the retina result in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
Retinal tufts increase the risk of a retinal tear or a detached retina, although the risk is not high- 1% of tufts are thought to lead to retinal detachment. [ 2 ] [ 6 ] In addition if there is retinal thinning near a zonular traction tuft, there is an increased risk of retinal detachment.
Vitreous hemorrhage can be caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy, vitreous detachment with or without retinal breaks, and trauma. Less common causes include vascular occlusive disease , retinal arterial macroaneurysm , hemoglobinopathy , age-related macular degeneration , and intraocular tumors .
If the vitreous is firmly attached to the retina when it pulls away, it can tear the retina and create a macular hole. Also, once the vitreous has pulled away from the surface of the retina, some of the fibers can remain on the retinal surface and can contract. This increases tension on the retina and can lead to a macular hole.