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The fresh masa can be sold or used directly, or can be dehydrated and blended into a powder to create masa harina, or masa flour. Lime and ash are highly alkaline: the alkalinity helps the dissolution of hemicellulose , the major glue-like component of the maize cell walls, and loosens the hulls from the kernels and softens the corn.
[1] [2] [3] In Mexico and Louisiana, very finely ground cornmeal is referred to as corn flour. [1] [4] When fine cornmeal is made from maize that has been soaked in an alkaline solution, e.g., limewater (a process known as nixtamalization), it is called masa harina (or masa flour), which is used for making arepas, tamales, and tortillas. [5]
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It is combined with lard or vegetable shortening, along with broth or water, to bring the dough to the consistency of a very thick batter. It is traditional to whisk the lard, and whisk the resulting batter, with the intent of producing the signature soft and fluffy texture. Modern recipes may use baking powder to achieve a similar effect.
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Champurrado is a chocolate-based atole, [1] a warm and thick Mexican beverage. It is prepared with either a masa (lime-treated corn dough), masa harina (a dried version of this dough), or corn flour (simply very finely ground dried corn, especially local varieties grown for atole); piloncillo; water or milk; and occasionally containing cinnamon, anise seed, or vanilla. [2]
The recipe recommended by American chef and restaurateur Rick Bayless who specializes in traditional Mexican cuisine uses just four ingredients: flour, lard, salt, and water. [56] The nutritional information for the Mission brand 49 g wheat tortilla is: [57] total fat: 3.5 g (saturated 3.5 g, monounsaturated 1 g) – 5% daily allowance
Preheat the oven to 425°F. In a large bowl, combine flour and butter. Use the pastry cutter to cut the butter into the flour until the pieces of butter are about the size of peas.