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A surgeon may make a small incision near the stone to remove it. In some cases when stones continually reoccur the offending salivary duct is removed. Supporting treatment: To prevent infection while the stone is lodged in the duct, antibiotics are sometimes used.
When the diameter of the stone is 5mm or less, it can be removed purely by an endoscopic technique, particularly when the stone is located above the muscles that comprise the floor of the mouth. The four common techniques used to remove the salivary gland stones are: The grasping technique; Using a small wire basket retrieval system
The submandibular duct may be affected by stones, known as sialolithiasis. [4] These may grow large, requiring surgery to remove. [4] Simple palpation may be used to identify the location of any stones before surgery. [4]
A calculus (pl.: calculi), often called a stone, is a concretion of material, usually mineral salts, that forms in an organ or duct of the body. Formation of calculi is known as lithiasis (/ ˌ l ɪ ˈ θ aɪ ə s ɪ s /). Stones can cause a number of medical conditions.
Besides, when interventional proecudre is planned such as stone removal from salivary ducts or dilatation of the strictures in the salivary gland, this procedure is also indicated. [4] However, for those who are pregnant, with allergy to iodinated contrast , and ongoing infection or inflammation of the face, the procedure is contraindicated.
Stones may be removed by manipulation in the doctor's office, or, in the worst cases, by surgery. Lithotripsy, also known as "shock wave" treatment, is best known for its use breaking up kidney stones. Lithotripsy can now be used on salivary stones as well. Ultrasound waves break up the stones, and the fragments flush out of the salivary duct. [7]
The most common use of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is for lithotripsy to treat kidney stones [3] (urinary calculosis) and biliary calculi (stones in the gallbladder or in the liver) using an acoustic pulse. It is also reported to be used for salivary stones [4] and pancreatic stones. [5]
Tonsil stones, also known as tonsilloliths, are mineralizations of debris within the crevices of the tonsils. [1] [3] When not mineralized, the presence of debris is known as chronic caseous tonsillitis (CCT). [1] Symptoms may include bad breath, [1] foreign body sensation, sore throat, pain or discomfort with swallowing, and cough. [4]