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The AUC (area under the curve) of the ROC curve reflects the overall accuracy and the separation performance of the biomarker (or biomarkers), [3] and can be readily used to compare different biomarker combinations or models. [4] As a rule of thumb, the fewer the biomarkers that one uses to maximize the AUC of the ROC curve, the better.
A companion diagnostic (CDx) [1] is a diagnostic test used as a companion to a therapeutic drug to determine its applicability to a specific person. [2]Companion diagnostics are co-developed with drugs to aid in selecting or excluding patient groups for treatment with that particular drug based on their biological characteristics that determine responders and non-responders to the therapy.
In medicine, a biomarker is a measurable indicator of the severity or presence of some disease state. It may be defined as a "cellular, biochemical or molecular alteration in cells, tissues or fluids that can be measured and evaluated to indicate normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention."
A traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as an intracranial injury, is an injury to the brain caused by an external force. TBI can be classified based on severity ranging from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI/concussion) to severe traumatic brain injury. [5]
In TBI, primary injuries result immediately from the initial trauma. [6] Primary injury occurs at the moment of trauma and includes contusion, damage to blood vessels, and axonal shearing, in which the axons of neurons are stretched and torn. [1] The blood brain barrier and meninges may be damaged in the primary injury, and neurons may die. [7]
“Many people trying to lose weight shy away from nuts in general due to their high calorie content, but those calories are also full of nutrients,” says Julie Stevens, M.P.H., RDN, CPT.The ...
None of President-elect Trump's Cabinet nominees can be confirmed until he takes office on Jan. 20 – and expect a traffic jam in the Senate when he does.
The lesion itself serves as a biomarker, but the minute details of the lesion serve as biomarkers as well, and can collectively be used to assess the risk of neoplasm. Some of the imaging biomarkers used in lung nodule assessment include size, spiculation, calcification, cavitation, location within the lung, rate of growth, and rate of metabolism.