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The gold number is the minimum weight (in milligrams) of a protective colloid/lyophilic colloid required to prevent the coagulation of 10 ml of a standard hydro gold sol when 1 ml of a 10% sodium chloride solution is added to it. [1] It was first used by Richard Adolf Zsigmondy in 1901.
The term coacervate was coined in 1929 by Dutch chemist Hendrik G. Bungenberg de Jong and Hugo R. Kruyt while studying lyophilic colloidal dispersions. [1] The name is a reference to the clustering of colloidal particles, like bees in a swarm .
A colloid is stable if the interaction energy due to attractive forces between the colloidal particles is less than kT, where k is the Boltzmann constant and T is the absolute temperature. If this is the case, then the colloidal particles will repel or only weakly attract each other, and the substance will remain a suspension.
Jewellery chains, jewelry chains or body chains are metal chains [1] [2] that are used in jewellery to encircle parts of the body, [3] namely the neck, wrists and ankles, [4] and they also serve as points to hang decorative charms and pendants.
Dispersion is a process by which (in the case of solid dispersing in a liquid) agglomerated particles are separated from each other, and a new interface between the inner surface of the liquid dispersion medium and the surface of the dispersed particles is generated. This process is facilitated by molecular diffusion and convection. [4]
Here is what the most popular diamond shapes for engagement rings mean. While reading, think about which shape reflects you and your partner. Round Brilliant Cut: Traditional and Elegant
Historic rhinestone copy of the Florentine Diamond, made in 1865 in Paris by the L. Saemann company [1] Rhinestones on a tiara Rowenta enamel rhinestone compact. A rhinestone, paste or diamante is a diamond simulant originally made from rock crystal but since the 19th century from crystal glass or polymers such as acrylic.
The necklace is composed of 108 small beads, with 4 large beads of contrasting stones to symbolize the 4 seasons, and was placed between groups of 27 beads. The necklace was also practical as it could be used for mathematical calculations in the absence of an abacus.