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Parliamentary style debate, colloquially oftentimes just Parliamentary debate, is a formal framework for debate used in debating societies, academic debate events and competitive debate. It has its roots in parliamentary procedure and develops differently in different countries as a result.
Competitors must compete in four out of five events: parliamentary debate, impromptu speaking, interpretive reading, and either persuasive speaking or after-dinner speaking. Students compete in two preliminary rounds for each event. This is followed by a round of finals with approximately the top 10% of competitors competing.
British Parliamentary style is a major form of academic debate that originated in Liverpool in the mid 1800s. [1] It has gained wide support globally and is the official format of the World Universities Debating Championship (WUDC).
For example, an impromptu debate in Policy Style style, for example, might follow the Policy speech format but with radically altered content or speech lengths. The format is conducted in a different way than typical debates. The rules are bent to provide the students with minimal to zero experience in debating to participate in the debate.
The United States Senate has a limit of two speeches and no time limit for the speeches. [5] [6] In the United States House of Representatives, debate on most bills is limited to 40 minutes. [7] In state legislative bodies, Mason's Manual of Legislative Procedure limits debate to one speech for each question. [8]
Public forum debate is a form of competitive debate where debaters use their evidence and impacts to outweigh the benefits and harms of the opposing side. The topics for public forum have to do with current-day events relating to public policy. Debaters work in pairs of two, and speakers alternate for every speech.
On That Point: Introduction to Parliamentary Debate by John Meany, good for beginners [5] Burden of Proof: An Introductory Guide to Argumentation and Guide to Parliamentary Debate by Mark Crossman, good for beginners [6] Competitive Debate: The Official Guide by Richard E Edwards, good for high schools and not just parliamentary debate [7]
World Schools Style debates include an additional speech from each team, called the reply speech. This is a short, four-minute speech given by either the first or second speaker from the team, and presented in the opposite speaking order to the rest of the debate (i.e. the Opposition deliver the first reply speech, followed by the Proposition).