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The Van 't Hoff equation relates the change in the equilibrium constant, K eq, of a chemical reaction to the change in temperature, T, given the standard enthalpy change, Δ r H ⊖, for the process. The subscript r {\displaystyle r} means "reaction" and the superscript ⊖ {\displaystyle \ominus } means "standard".
Equilibrium constants are determined in order to quantify chemical equilibria.When an equilibrium constant K is expressed as a concentration quotient, = [] [] [] [] it is implied that the activity quotient is constant.
Within chemistry, a Job plot, otherwise known as the method of continuous variation or Job's method, is a method used in analytical chemistry to determine the stoichiometry of a binding event. The method is named after Paul Job and is also used in instrumental analysis and advanced chemical equilibrium texts and research articles.
The decrease in zero-point energy due to deuterium substitution will then be more important for R'–H than for R–H, and R'–D will be stabilized more than R–D, so that the equilibrium constant K D for R' + D–R ⇌ R'–D + R is greater than K H. This is summarized in the rule the heavier atom favors the stronger bond. [19]
In chemistry and biochemistry, the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation = + ([] []) relates the pH of a chemical solution of a weak acid to the numerical value of the acid dissociation constant, K a, of acid and the ratio of the concentrations, [] [] of the acid and its conjugate base in an equilibrium.
Equilibrium condition: At equilibrium, the reaction quotient (Q) is equal to the equilibrium constant (K) for the reaction. This condition is represented as Q = K, indicating that the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal. Predicting reaction direction: If Q < K, the reaction will proceed in the forward direction to establish equilibrium ...
The lowercase letters (e, s, a, b, l) are system constants describing the contribution of the aerosol phase to the sorption process. [5] The capital letters (E, S, A, B, L) are solute descriptors representing the complementary properties of the compounds. Specifically, L is the gas–liquid partition constant on n-hexadecane at 298 K;
K c = [NH 3 (CHCl3)]/[NH 3 (aq)] (where K c is the equilibrium constant) The equilibrium concentrations of ammonia in each layer can be established by titration with standard acid solution. It can thus be determined that K c remains constant, with a value of 0.4 in this case.