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Xeer (pronounced ) is the traditional legal system used by Somalis in Somalia, Djibouti, Somali Region of Ethiopia, and the North Eastern Province in Kenya. It is one of the three systems from which formal Somali law draws its inspiration, the others being civil law and Islamic law. [1] It is believed to pre-date Islam. However, Islam ...
As of 2014, pending the adoption of new legislation, the pre-civil war judicial structure, courts and laws are in the process of being reformed to be applicable in Somalia's new federal system. [2] In May 2014, the Council of Ministers approved a new Constitutional Review and Implementation Commission. [3]
From 1993 to 1997, the Borama Charter mandated the formation of a newly independent judiciary that used pre-1969 laws. [8] [9] Since the ratification of the Somaliland Constitution in 1997 the legal system has consisted of a mix of three legal frameworks, with judges alternatively applying Sharia law, British colonial law, and xeer. [3] [10] [11]
The Constitution of the Republic of Somaliland (Somali: Dastuurka Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland; Arabic: دستور جمهورية صوماليلاند) is the supreme source of national law of Somaliland, an unrecognised state considered to be part of Somalia by the international community, adopted by the Houses of the Parliament of Somaliland on 30 April 2000. [4]
However second the government was established after the civil wars in Somalia escalated. The Grand Conference of the Northern People was held in Burao and was composed of the leaders of the Somali National Movement and representatives of all clans inhabiting north-western Somalia and decided that for the secession of Somalia to restore the ...
The Gazette includes proclamations by the President as well as both general and government notices made by its various departments. It publishes regulations and notices in terms of acts, changes of names, company registrations and de-registrations, financial statements, land restitution notices, liquor licence applications and transport permits.
The Provisional Constitution of the Federal Republic of Somalia (Somali: Dastuurka Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya) is the supreme law of Somalia. It provides the legal foundation for the existence of the Federal Republic and source of legal authority. It sets out the rights and duties of its citizens, and defines the structure of government.
The Charter's first Chapter establishes the Transitional Federal Government as the sovereign government of Somalia (Article 1), and gives the government supremacy of law over the nation (Article 3). It defines Somalia in Article 3 as having the following borders: (a) North; Gulf of Aden. (b) North West; Djibouti. (c) West; Ethiopia.