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Dissociative identity disorder [1] [2]; Other names: Multiple personality disorder Split personality disorder: Specialty: Psychiatry, clinical psychology: Symptoms: At least two distinct and relatively enduring personality states, [3] recurrent episodes of dissociative amnesia, [3] inexplicable intrusions into consciousness (e.g., voices, intrusive thoughts, impulses, trauma-related beliefs ...
Dissociative disorders most often develop as a way to cope with psychological trauma. People with dissociative disorders were commonly subjected to chronic physical, sexual, or emotional abuse as children (or, less frequently, an otherwise frightening or highly unpredictable home environment).
This is sometimes accompanied by the establishment of a new identity and the inability to recall personal information prior to the presentation of symptoms. [2] Dissociative fugue is a mental and behavioral disorder [ 3 ] that is classified variously as a dissociative disorder , [ 1 ] a conversion disorder , [ 3 ] and a somatic symptom disorder .
Symptoms are often deliberately produced or feigned, and may relate to either symptoms in the individual or in someone close to them, particularly people they care for. There are attempts to introduce a category of relational disorder , where the diagnosis is of a relationship rather than on any one individual in that relationship.
By design, the DSM is primarily concerned with the signs and symptoms of mental disorders, rather than the underlying causes. It claims to collect these disorders based on statistical or clinical patterns. As such, it has been compared to a naturalist's field guide to birds, with similar advantages and disadvantages. [103]
Signs and symptoms are also applied to physiological states outside the context of disease, as for example when referring to the signs and symptoms of pregnancy, or the symptoms of dehydration. Sometimes a disease may be present without showing any signs or symptoms when it is known as being asymptomatic . [ 13 ]
They then “observed objective signs and symptoms of alcohol impairment,” and he was arrested on suspicion of a DUI. He was cited and then released. "I think it was a bad decision he made ...
The core symptoms of depersonalization-derealization disorder are the subjective experience of "unreality in one's self", [18] or detachment from one's surroundings. People who are diagnosed with depersonalization also often experience an urge to question and think critically about the nature of reality and existence.