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As widespread use of AI in healthcare is relatively new, research is ongoing into its application in various subdisciplines of medicine and related industries. AI programs are applied to practices such as diagnostics, [4] treatment protocol development, [5] drug development, [6] personalized medicine, [7] and patient monitoring and care. [8]
The Institute for Ethics in AI, directed by John Tasioulas, whose primary goal, among others, is to promote AI ethics as a field proper in comparison to related applied ethics fields. The Oxford Internet Institute, directed by Luciano Floridi, focuses on the ethics of near-term AI technologies and ICTs. [163]
In the health care industry, AI-backed tools can help doctors, nurses, and researchers quickly sift through data and analyze results to improve research and patient care. However, some industry ...
A draft text of a Recommendation on the Ethics of AI of the UNESCO Ad Hoc Expert Group was issued in September 2020 and included a call for legislative gaps to be filled. [63] UNESCO tabled the international instrument on the ethics of AI for adoption at its General Conference in November 2021; [56] this was subsequently adopted. [64]
Nursing ethics is a branch of applied ethics that concerns itself with activities in the field of nursing. Nursing ethics shares many principles with medical ethics, such as beneficence, non-maleficence and respect for autonomy. It can be distinguished by its emphasis on relationships, human dignity and collaborative care.
The Machine Question: Critical Perspectives on AI, Robots, and Ethics is a 2012 nonfiction book by David J. Gunkel that discusses the evolution of the theory of human ethical responsibilities toward non-human things and to what extent intelligent, autonomous machines can be considered to have legitimate moral responsibilities and what legitimate claims to moral consideration they can hold.
James H. Moor, one of the pioneering theoreticians in the field of computer ethics, defines four kinds of ethical robots.As an extensive researcher on the studies of philosophy of artificial intelligence, philosophy of mind, philosophy of science, and logic, Moor defines machines as ethical impact agents, implicit ethical agents, explicit ethical agents, or full ethical agents.
Robot ethics, sometimes known as "roboethics", concerns ethical problems that occur with robots, such as whether robots pose a threat to humans in the long or short run, whether some uses of robots are problematic (such as in healthcare or as 'killer robots' in war), and how robots should be designed such that they act 'ethically' (this last concern is also called machine ethics).