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The United States Department of Veterans Affairs was an early adopter of a standardized approach to incorporating visible light images into the electronic medical record [7]. Increasingly, visible light imaging is being deployed beyond individual departments, as part of a trend referred to as Enterprise Imaging [ 8 ] .
Photomedicine is an interdisciplinary branch of medicine that involves the study and application of light with respect to health and disease. [1] [2] Photomedicine may be related to the practice of various fields of medicine including dermatology, surgery, interventional radiology, optical diagnostics, cardiology, circadian rhythm sleep disorders and oncology.
As a field of scientific investigation, medical imaging constitutes a sub-discipline of biomedical engineering, medical physics or medicine depending on the context: Research and development in the area of instrumentation, image acquisition (e.g., radiography), modeling and quantification are usually the preserve of biomedical engineering ...
Light therapy, also called phototherapy or bright light therapy is the exposure to direct sunlight or artificial light at controlled wavelengths in order to treat a variety of medical disorders, including seasonal affective disorder (SAD), circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, cancers, and skin wound infections.
Medical optical imaging is the use of light as an investigational imaging technique for medical applications, pioneered by American Physical Chemist Britton Chance. Examples include optical microscopy, spectroscopy, endoscopy, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, laser Doppler imaging, optical coherence tomography, and transdermal optical imaging.
Russian scientists collaborated with NASA scientists who were looking at the use of LEDs as more suitable light sources, compared to lasers, for PDT applications. [ 59 ] [ 60 ] [ 61 ] Since 1990, the Chinese have been developing clinical expertise with PDT, using domestically produced photosensitizers, derived from Haematoporphyrin. [ 62 ]
Broadband polychromatic light (white light) and LED radiation can only penetrate 0.0017 mm to 5 mm of tissue. [24] For example, research shows that at wavelengths of 450 nm and 650 nm only 1% of the light reaches approximately 1.6 mm and very little reaches 5 mm. [ 25 ] [ 26 ] Only laser radiation can propagate into deeper tissues.
The laser has in most firearms applications been used as a tool to enhance the targeting of other weapon systems. For example, a laser sight is a small, usually visible-light laser placed on a handgun or a rifle and aligned to emit