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In this map of the Observable Universe, objects appear enlarged to show their shape. From left to right celestial bodies are arranged according to their proximity to the Earth. This horizontal (distance to Earth) scale is logarithmic.
A-type star In the Harvard spectral classification system, a class of main-sequence star having spectra dominated by Balmer absorption lines of hydrogen. Stars of spectral class A are typically blue-white or white in color, measure between 1.4 and 2.1 times the mass of the Sun, and have surface temperatures of 7,600–10,000 kelvin.
Instead of the mean anomaly at epoch, the mean anomaly M, mean longitude, true anomaly ν 0, or (rarely) the eccentric anomaly might be used. Using, for example, the "mean anomaly" instead of "mean anomaly at epoch" means that time t must be specified as a seventh orbital element. Sometimes it is assumed that mean anomaly is zero at the epoch ...
The mean anomaly at epoch, M 0, is defined as the instantaneous mean anomaly at a given epoch, t 0. This value is sometimes provided with other orbital elements to enable calculations of the object's past and future positions along the orbit. The epoch for which M 0 is defined is often determined by convention in a given field or discipline.
It is useful for the celestial coordinates or orbital elements of a celestial body, as they are subject to perturbations and vary with time. [1] These time-varying astronomical quantities might include, for example, the mean longitude or mean anomaly of a body, the node of its orbit relative to a reference plane , the direction of the apogee or ...
In celestial mechanics, true anomaly is an angular parameter that defines the position of a body moving along a Keplerian orbit. It is the angle between the direction of periapsis and the current position of the body, as seen from the main focus of the ellipse (the point around which the object orbits).
In celestial mechanics, the argument of latitude is an angular parameter that defines the position of a body moving along a Kepler orbit. It is the angle between the ascending node and the body. It is the sum of the more commonly used true anomaly and argument of periapsis .
In orbital mechanics, the eccentric anomaly is an angular parameter that defines the position of a body that is moving along an elliptic Kepler orbit. The eccentric anomaly is one of three angular parameters ("anomalies") that define a position along an orbit, the other two being the true anomaly and the mean anomaly .