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xargs (short for "extended arguments") [1] is a command on Unix and most Unix-like operating systems used to build and execute commands from standard input. It converts input from standard input into arguments to a command. Some commands such as grep and awk can take input either as
Command arguments are split in different ways across platforms. Some systems do not split up the arguments; for example, when running the script with the first line, #!/usr/bin/env python3 -c all text after the first space is treated as a single argument, that is, python3 -c will be passed as one argument to /usr/bin/env, rather than two arguments.
Mandatory arguments/parameters are arguments/parameters which must be assigned a value upon invocation of the command, function or script file. A shell that can determine ahead of invocation that there are missing mandatory values, can assist the interactive user by prompting for those values instead of letting the command fail.
Unix-style shell scripting languages can be used if a Unix compatibility tool such as Cygwin is installed, or Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) is used. Cross-platform scripting tools including Perl, Python, Ruby, Rexx, Node.js and PHP are available for Windows. Script files run if the filename without extension is entered.
For example, the dir and ls programs (which display file names contained in a directory) may take command-line arguments, but perform their operations without any stream data input. Unless redirected , standard input is inherited from the parent process.
There are many variants of Unix shell: Bourne shell sh. Almquist shell (ash) Debian Almquist shell (dash) Bash (Unix shell) bash; KornShell ksh. Z shell zsh; C shell csh. TENEX C shell tcsh; Ch shell ch; Emacs shell eshell; Friendly interactive shell fish; PowerShell pwsh; rc shell rc, a shell for Plan 9 from Bell Labs and Unix; Stand-alone ...
Gencode Scripts: The gencode-remote script is the main way to actually update the configuration of target nodes. gencode-remote runs on the local machine, but its standard output is sent to the remote machine and executed as a shell script. There is also a less frequently used gencode-local script which outputs code to be run locally.
A common value is all the parameters, "$@" in POSIX shell. This value exists in getopts but is rarely used, since it can just access the shell's parameters. It is useful with resetting the parser, however. The varname part of getopts names a shell variable to store the option parsed into. The way one uses the commands however varies a lot: