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Conservative treatment is a type of medical treatment defined by the avoidance of invasive measures such as surgery or other invasive procedures, [1] usually with the intent to preserve function or body parts. [2]
Caudal anaesthesia is a relatively low-risk technique [4] commonly used, either on its own or in combination with sedation or general anaesthesia. [3] [5]Caudal anesthesia may be favored for sub-umbilical region surgeries in the pediatric population, such as inguinal hernia repair, circumcision, hypospadias repair, anal atresia, or to immobilise newborns with hip dysplasia.
Conservative treatment of craniocervical instability includes physical therapy [10] [11] [better source needed] and the use of a cervical collar to keep the neck stable. Cervical spinal fusion is performed on patients with more severe symptoms.
Treatment may be conservative or surgical. [18] The exact way of managing ODS is controversial, with many authors now taking positions against surgery as a first line treatment for ODS, while others state that surgery should be used as a last resort, [ 2 ] not be used at all, or take a more pro-surgery position.
Non-surgical treatment (conservative treatment) should be pro-active with intervention performed early as "Best results were obtained in 10-25 degrees scoliosis which is a good indication to start therapy before more structural changes within the spine establish." [2] Treatment options have historically been categorized under the following types:
Surgery appears to lead to better outcomes if symptoms continue after 3–6 months of conservative treatment. [30] Laminectomy is the most effective of the surgical treatments. [ 26 ] In those who worsen despite conservative treatments surgery leads to improvement in 60–70% of cases. [ 7 ]
While some of the success of surgery may just be due to the natural history of the disease, the surgery groups still have an improvement in outcomes over conservative measures. A systematic review found that surgical treatment outweighed the benefits over conservative treatment overall all outcome measures, however conservative treatment caused ...
O'Connor claimed conservative treatment was ineffective and surgery was the only effective option, describing a surgery in which the surgeon resects the superficial ligamentous floor and cleans out the fat pad. O'Connor claimed all 14 patients this surgery was performed on reported relief of their symptoms.