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The liver transaminases aspartate transaminase (AST or SGOT) and alanine transaminase (ALT or SGPT) are useful biomarkers of liver injury in a patient with some degree of intact liver function. [2] [3] [4] Most liver diseases cause only mild symptoms initially, but these diseases must be detected early. Hepatic (liver) involvement in some ...
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP, α-fetoprotein; also sometimes called alpha-1-fetoprotein, alpha-fetoglobulin, or alpha fetal protein) is a protein [5] [6] that in humans is encoded by the AFP gene. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] The AFP gene is located on the q arm of chromosome 4 (4q13.3). [ 9 ]
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), the predominant serum protein of the fetus which gives way to albumin in the adult. AFP is categorized as an oncofetal protein because it is also found in tumors. [1] Fetal hemoglobin, the fetal version of hemoglobin. [2] Fetal Troponin T and Troponin I isoforms. Structure of Fetal Hemoglobin
Elevated alpha-fetoprotein refers to a state where alpha-fetoprotein levels are outside of the reference range. There are two categories of AFP tests: tests performed on serum (blood plasma), and tests performed on amniotic fluid. Tests performed on serum are further categorized by the reason for performing the test: maternal serum, adult tumor ...
Liver failure is the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic functions as part of normal physiology. Two forms are recognised, acute and chronic (cirrhosis). [ 1 ] Recently, a third form of liver failure known as acute-on-chronic liver failure ( ACLF ) is increasingly being recognized.
The term fatty acid oxidation disorder (FAOD) is sometimes used, especially when there is an emphasis on the oxidation of the fatty acid. [3]In addition to the fetal complications, they can also cause complications for the mother during pregnancy.
Indian childhood cirrhosis is a form of neonatal cholestasis characterized by deposition of copper in the liver [45] [57] Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is an autosomal co-dominant disorder of low levels of the enzyme alpha-1 antitrypsin [33] Cardiac cirrhosis is due to chronic right-sided heart failure, which leads to liver congestion [33 ...
Inborn errors of metabolism form a large class of genetic diseases involving congenital disorders of enzyme activities. [1] The majority are due to defects of single genes that code for enzymes that facilitate conversion of various substances into others . In most of the disorders, problems arise due to accumulation of substances which are ...