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An Oglala Lakota tipi, 1891. A tipi or tepee (/ ˈ t iː p i / TEE-pee) is a conical lodge tent that is distinguished from other conical tents by the smoke flaps at the top of the structure, and historically made of animal hides or pelts or, in more recent generations, of canvas stretched on a framework of wooden poles.
Each tipi features eight prestressed concrete poles laid against each other in a spiral, meeting nearly at the top and leaving the ends unjoined. At the meeting point, the poles are notched and secured together by a steel plate. [5] The meeting point creates a 3 ft (0.91 m) octagonal gap of open space. Each pole weighs 6 + 1 ⁄ 2 tons. Some of ...
Instead of making specially constructed travois sleds, they would simply cross a pair of tepee poles across the horse's back and attach a burden platform between the poles behind the horse. This served two purposes at once, as the horses could then simultaneously carry the tepee poles and some additional baggage.
The tipi flaps are hoisted by the firekeeper with two poles to open or close the vent. In the daylight hours a tipi owner would hoist the vent open for additional lighting and also at the commencement of a newly built fire.
The general pattern of a tipi (also "tepee") ring is an east-facing entrance, where there are no stones, and a heavily anchored side with extra stones for protection against prevailing winds, often on the northwestern side of the ring. Hearths found in the center of tipi rings suggest a winter encampment.
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Roman Army leather tents (centre left), as depicted on Trajan's Column in Rome (photo of plaster casts). A form of tent called a teepee or tipi, noted for its cone shape and peak smoke hole, was also used by Native American tribes and Aboriginal Canadians of the Plains Indians since ancient times, variously estimated from 10,000 to 4,000 years BC.
A tipi of the Nez Perce tribe, c. 1900. The excess fabric at the top of the structure is the smoke hole and smoke flaps. A smoke hole (smokehole, smoke-hole) is a hole in a roof for the smoke from a fire to vent. [1] Before the invention of the smoke hood or chimney, many dwellings had smoke holes to allow the smoke from the hearth to escape.