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The AEGL values describe the expected effects of inhalation exposure to certain compounds (airborne concentrations in ppm or mg/m 3). Each AEGL is determined by different levels of a compound's toxicological effects, based on the 4 Ds: detection, discomfort, disability and death. There are three levels of AEGL-values: AEGL-1, AEGL-2 and AEGL-3. [2]
The OSHA definition is arguably broad enough to include oxygen-deficient circumstances in the absence of "airborne contaminants", as well as many other chemical, thermal, or pneumatic hazards to life or health (e.g., pure helium, super-cooled or super-heated air, hyperbaric or hypo-baric or submerged chambers, etc.).
The NIOSH occupational exposure banding process has been created to provide a reliable approximation of a safe exposure level for potentially hazardous and unregulated chemicals in the workplace. [6] Occupational exposure banding uses limited chemical toxicity data to group chemicals into one of five bands. Occupational exposure bands: [7]
This information describes first-aid measures, control parameters (ppm exposure limits), personal protective equipment, side effects of exposure, and ecological information, among other topics. The "First Aid Measures" section details what a person affected by the chemical should do to reduce injury or illness from their exposure.
Many gases have toxic properties, which are often assessed using the LC 50 (median lethal concentration) measure. In the United States, many of these gases have been assigned an NFPA 704 health rating of 4 (may be fatal) or 3 (may cause serious or permanent injury), and/or exposure limits (TLV, TWA/PEL, STEL, or REL) determined by the ACGIH professional association.
There are three levels of PAC value (1 to 3) where each successive value is associated with an increasingly severe effect from a higher level of exposure. Each level is defined as follows: PAC-1 : Mild, transient health effects. PAC-2 : Irreversible or other serious health effects that could impair the ability to take protective action.
DeCarlo said nearly all the readings were higher than 11 parts of ethylene oxide per 1 trillion parts of air — a level that translates to a one in 10,000 cancer risk for long-term exposure to ...
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) RELs are designed to protect the health and well-being of workers by recommending safe exposure levels. To really use these guidelines well, safety professionals need to understand the recommended exposure levels, how to measure them, and ways to make sure workers aren't exposed to harmful stuff.