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The Irish delegation was led by Arthur Griffith and Michael Collins. This created the Irish Free State, a self-governing Dominion of the Commonwealth of Nations in the manner of Canada and Australia. Under the Treaty, Northern Ireland could opt out of the Free State and stay within the United Kingdom: it promptly did so.
The Irish War of Independence (Irish: Cogadh na Saoirse), [2] also known as the Anglo-Irish War, was a guerrilla war fought in Ireland from 1919 to 1921 between the Irish Republican Army (IRA, the army of the Irish Republic) and British forces: the British Army, along with the quasi-military Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) and its paramilitary forces the Auxiliaries and Ulster Special ...
Under the leadership of Michael Collins and W. T. Cosgrave, it set about establishing the Irish Free State via the transitional Provisional Government of the Irish Free State. The pro-Treaty IRA became part of a fully re-organised new National Army and a new police force, the Civic Guard (quickly renamed as the Garda Síochána ), replacing one ...
Cover page of the Declaration. The Declaration of Independence (Irish: Forógra na Saoirse, French: Déclaration d'indépendance) was a document adopted by Dáil Éireann, the revolutionary parliament of the Irish Republic, at its first meeting in the Mansion House, Dublin, on 21 January 1919.
Even after the monarchy's fall in the French Revolution, Irish-descended soldiers served successive governments. [3] By the early 1790s, tensions in Ireland – and in continental Europe – had grown. On the Continent, the new French Republic was embroiled in wars with Britain, the Holy Roman Empire, and other states.
Meanwhile, the still semi-underground Hierarchy of the Catholic Church in Ireland was horrified by the prospect of a French-backed Irish revolution. Firstly, the French First Republic was known to be responsible for the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, the September Massacres, the Reign of Terror, and the dechristianization of France.
Following the Irish War of Independence, the partition of Ireland and the creation of the autonomous Irish Free State in twenty-six of Ireland's thirty-two counties in 1922; with the exception of the Irish Civil War, most but not all subsequent insurgent activity in Ireland occurred within the six counties of Northern Ireland, which continued ...
The Easter Rising (Irish: Éirí Amach na Cásca), [2] also known as the Easter Rebellion, was an armed insurrection in Ireland during Easter Week in April 1916. The Rising was launched by Irish republicans against British rule in Ireland with the aim of establishing an independent Irish Republic while the United Kingdom was fighting the First World War.