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For reference, a normal AFI is 5–25 cm. An AFI <5 cm is considered oligohydramnios and an AFI >25 cm is considered polyhydramnios. Randomized control trials have shown that use of AFI can cause an increased number of false positive diagnosis of oligohydramnios and recommend using the measurement of a single deepest pocket (SDP) of amniotic ...
An AFI between 8 and 18 cm is considered normal. [5] Median AFI level is approximately 14 cm from week 20 to week 35, [6] when the amniotic fluid begins to reduce in preparation for birth. An AFI smaller than 5–6 cm is considered as oligohydramnios. [3] The exact number can vary by gestational age.
Oligohydramnios can sometimes be treated with bed rest, oral and intravenous hydration, antibiotics, steroids, and amnioinfusion. [citation needed] The opposite of oligohydramnios is polyhydramnios, an excess volume of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. Amniotic fluid embolism is a rare but very often fatal condition for both mother and child.
The condition was previously known as "Amnionknötchen" (amniotic nodules) and was first described in 1850. [2] Amnion nodosum is a placental hallmark of severe and prolonged oligohydramnios, and it is associated with a high risk of fetal and perinatal mortality. The cause and pathophysiology of nodule formation in Amnion nodosum are largely ...
Oligohydramnios is the cause of Potter sequence, but there are many things that can lead to oligohydramnios. It can be caused by renal diseases such as bilateral renal agenesis (BRA), atresia of the ureter or urethra causing obstruction of the urinary tract, polycystic or multicystic kidney diseases, renal hypoplasia , amniotic rupture ...
Post-maturity syndrome is the condition of a baby born after a post-term pregnancy, first described by Stewart H. Clifford in 1954. [1] Post-maturity refers to any baby born after 42 weeks gestation, or 294 days past the first day of the mother's last menstrual period.
[1] [2] The risk of amniocentesis-related chorioamnionitis and uterine infections is less than 0.1%. [1] [2] Performing the procedure using sterile techniques can help prevent infection. [4] Fetomaternal hemorrhage, or the entrance of fetal blood into the maternal circulation, is another complication of amniocentesis. [1]
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), also known as feto-fetal transfusion syndrome (FFTS), twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence (TOPS) and stuck twin syndrome, is a complication of monochorionic multiple pregnancies (the most common form of identical twin pregnancy) in which there is disproportionate blood supply between the fetuses.