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Rule by a system of governance with many bureaus, administrators, and petty officials. Consociationalism: Rule by a government based on consensus democracy. Military junta: Rule by a committee of military leaders. Nomocracy: Rule by a government under the sovereignty of rational laws and civic right as opposed to one under theocratic systems of ...
This concept of public and private may be confusing to those unfamiliar with the principles. Public and private are mutually exclusive; that which is public is not private and vice versa. [21] That which is public is of interest to all the people, but this was never intended to express (or imply) that the private sector was subject to the state.
"Consent of the governed" is a phrase found in the 1776 United States Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson.. Using thinking similar to that of John Locke, the founders of the United States believed in a state built upon the consent of "free and equal" citizens; a state otherwise conceived would lack legitimacy and rational-legal authority.
Sovereignty lies with the people, and the people should elect, correct, and, if necessary, depose its political leaders. [ 2 ] Popular sovereignty in its modern sense is an idea that dates to the social contract school represented by Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679), John Locke (1632–1704), and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778).
Both, along with less common synonyms such as biarchy [7] and tandemocracy, [8] [note 3] are now used more generally to refer to any system of joint rule or office. A monarchy temporarily controlled by two or more people is, however, usually distinguished as a coregency. Corule is one of the oldest forms of government.
The book cover of Rael's book Geniocracy: Government of the People, for the People, by the Geniuses (Printed for the first time in English: 2008 Nova Distribution.). The term geniocracy comes from the word genius, and describes a system that is designed to select for intelligence and compassion as the primary factors for governance.
George Bernard Shaw coined the concept of an intellectual oligarchy in his play Major Barbara (1907). In the play, Shaw criticizes the control of society by intellectual elites and expresses a desire for the empowerment of the common people: [7] I now want to give the common man weapons against the intellectual man. I love the common people.
Modern depictions of aristocracy tend to regard it not as the ancient Greek concept of rule by the best, but more as an oligarchy or plutocracy—rule by the few or the wealthy. [citation needed] The concept of aristocracy according to Plato has an ideal state ruled by the philosopher king.