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Tadpoles hatch from these small black and white eggs about 36 hours later; [4] they are only around six millimetres long and feed by filter-feeding. [6] Tadpoles undergo metamorphosis into yellow juveniles and this stage is completed around 45 days after the eggs were laid.
Crepuscular, a classification of animals that are active primarily during twilight, making them similar to nocturnal animals.; Diurnality, plant or animal behavior characterized by activity during the day and sleeping at night.
The tadpoles' heads are pointed with lateral eyes, and they appear dorsolaterally flattened when viewed from above. Their bodies are dark in color (almost jet black), and are flecked with blue. Their bellies are marked with lateral whitish blotches, and the intestinal coil is not transparent through the skin. [ 3 ]
They eat flies, crickets, caterpillars, moths, spiders, centipedes, millipedes, earthworms, and snails. [10] The tadpoles' diet is related to its surroundings and food supply. When they are first hatched, they eat plankton. [10] After a few days, they become carnivorous and eat animals. [10] Tadpoles sometimes resort to cannibalism to survive.
Most species (e.g. Blyth's river frog L. blythii or the fanged river frog L. macrodon) develop normally, with free-swimming tadpoles that eat food. [5] The tadpoles of the corrugated frog (L. laticeps) are free-swimming but endotrophic, meaning they do not eat but live on stored yolk until metamorphosis into frogs. [5]
[5] [9] [10] It is also a cannibalistic species—the male African bullfrog is known for occasionally eating the tadpoles he guards, [11] and juveniles also eat tadpoles. [12] An African bullfrog kept at the Pretoria Zoo in South Africa once ate 17 juvenile Rinkhals snakes ( Hemachatus haemachatus ).
Pseudis paradoxa, known as the paradoxical frog or shrinking frog, is a species of hylid frog from South America. [2] Its name refers to the very large—up to 27 cm (11 in) long—tadpole (the world's longest), which in turn "shrinks" during metamorphosis into an ordinary-sized frog, only about a quarter or third of its former length.
Tadpoles, in contrast, start around 14 mm to 16 mm in length and later grow to around 37 mm after metamorphosing. [2] The Trinidad poison frog has a well-defined and solid pigmented collar and a solid brown dorsum. It has well defined pale dorsolateral stripes and dark pigmentation around the external margin of its soles and palms.