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[3] [4] [5] Some non-modifiable risk factors such as age at diabetes onset, type of diabetes, gender, and genetics may influence risk. Other health problems compound the chronic complications of diabetes such as smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol levels, and lack of regular exercise.
The long-term prognosis depends on the person's metabolic control, which effects the presence and complications of diabetes complications. [16] The prognosis can be confirmed with genetic analysis to find the genetic cause of the disease. With proper management, the prognosis for overall health and normal brain development is normally good.
Sustained higher levels of blood sugar cause damage to the blood vessels and to the organs they supply, leading to the complications of diabetes. [48] Chronic hyperglycemia can be measured via the HbA1c test. The definition of acute hyperglycemia varies by study, with mmol/L levels from 8 to 15 (mg/dL levels from 144 to 270). [49]
The JBDS HHS care pathway [11] comprises 3 main themes to consider when managing a patient with HHS: clinical assessment and monitoring; interventions; assessments and prevention of harm; To streamline management, there are 5 phases of therapy from the time of recognition of the condition to resolution: 0–60 min; 1–6 hours; 6–12 hours; 12 ...
Much evidence suggests that many of the long-term complications of diabetes, result from many years of hyperglycemia (elevated levels of glucose in the blood). [11] "Perfect glycemic control" would mean that glucose levels were always normal (70–130 mg/dL or 3.9–7.2 mmol/L) and indistinguishable from a person without diabetes.
Prediabetes is a component of metabolic syndrome and is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels that fall below the threshold to diagnose diabetes mellitus.It usually does not cause symptoms but people with prediabetes often have obesity (especially abdominal or visceral obesity), dyslipidemia with high triglycerides and/or low HDL cholesterol, and hypertension. [1]
Prediabetes –; Main types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes – disease that results in autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. [4]Type 2 diabetes – metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose in the context of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.
Almost 2.4 million Canadians (6.8%) have been diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, based on 2009 chronic disease surveillance data. Prevalence is higher among males (7.2%) than females (6.4%). [11] However these numbers are likely an underestimate, as data obtained from blood samples indicate about 20% of diabetes cases remain undiagnosed ...