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The UNESCO Convention Against Discrimination in Education is a multilateral treaty which aims to combat discrimination in the field of education.It was adopted on 14 December 1960 in Paris and came into effect on 22 May 1962.
The French Equal Opportunities and Anti-Discrimination Commission [1] (French Haute autorité de lutte contre les discriminations et pour l'égalité or HALDE) is a French "independent administrative authority" which "has the right to judge all discrimination, direct or indirect, that is prohibited by law or an international agreement to which France is a signatory."
Discrimination in education is the act of discriminating against people belonging to certain demographics in enjoying full right to education. It is a violation of human rights . Education discrimination can be on the basis of ethnicity , nationality , age, gender, race, economic condition, language spoken, caste , disability and religion .
Religious minorities have experienced discrimination based on France's secularism laws. Recently, in 2022, the Council of State ruled in favour of the Ministry of the Interior that the municipality of Grenoble had broken secular national law when its council voted in favour of authorizing burkinis in public swimming pools. [ 13 ]
The right to education has been reaffirmed in the 1960 UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education, the 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, [6] [7] [8] the 1981 Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, [9] the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child, [10] and the ...
Human rights in France are contained in the preamble of the Constitution of the French Fifth Republic, founded in 1958, and the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. France has also ratified the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights , as well as the European Convention on Human Rights 1960 and the Charter of Fundamental ...
Sex discrimination in education is applied to women in several ways. First, many sociologists of education view the educational system as an institution of social and cultural reproduction. [33] The existing patterns of inequality, especially for gender inequality, are reproduced within schools through formal and informal processes. [1]
France banned Muslim girls in state schools from wearing abayas. In August 2023, French education minister, Gabriel Attal, said that the long, flowing dresses worn by some Muslim women, would be banned as they breached the "principle of secularism", particularly by those pupils "wearing religious attire like abayas and long shirts.” [32]