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The Gudermannian function gives a direct relationship between the circular functions and the hyperbolic functions that does not involve complex numbers. The graph of the function a cosh( x / a ) is the catenary , the curve formed by a uniform flexible chain, hanging freely between two fixed points under uniform gravity.
A ray through the unit hyperbola = in the point (,), where is twice the area between the ray, the hyperbola, and the -axis. The earliest and most widely adopted symbols use the prefix arc-(that is: arcsinh, arccosh, arctanh, arcsech, arccsch, arccoth), by analogy with the inverse circular functions (arcsin, etc.).
Trigonometric functions and their reciprocals on the unit circle. All of the right-angled triangles are similar, i.e. the ratios between their corresponding sides are the same. For sin, cos and tan the unit-length radius forms the hypotenuse of the triangle that defines them.
The Gudermannian function reveals a close relationship between the circular functions and hyperbolic functions. It was introduced in the 1760s by Johann Heinrich Lambert , and later named for Christoph Gudermann who also described the relationship between circular and hyperbolic functions in 1830. [ 2 ]
Torque 2D, originally Torque Game Builder, is a game engine designed for 2D games and based on the Torque Game Engine. [25] It was first released in 2006, in a standard and a pro version, with the professional version including the source code. [25] Torque 2D started as Torque Game Builder because the ultimate goal was to make it a game-making ...
The Poincaré half-plane model is closely related to a model of the hyperbolic plane in the quadrant Q = {(x,y): x > 0, y > 0}. For such a point the geometric mean = and the hyperbolic angle = / produce a point (u,v) in the upper half-plane.
Enjoy a classic game of Hearts and watch out for the Queen of Spades!
The hyperbolic secant distribution shares many properties with the standard normal distribution: it is symmetric with unit variance and zero mean, median and mode, and its probability density function is proportional to its characteristic function.