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Frame and panel construction at its most basic consists of five members: the panel and the four members which make up the frame. The vertical members of the frame are called stiles while the horizontal members are known as rails. A basic frame and panel item consists of a top rail, a bottom rail, two stiles, and a panel.
One elaborate kind of door surround is the Gibbs surround, which is a type of banded "rusticated" architectural frame surrounding a door, window or niche in the tradition of classical architecture. The term surround may be used to refer to just an ornamental border which encircles the sides and top of a door frame, [ 1 ] or it may refer to the ...
A jamb (from French jambe 'leg'), [1] in architecture, is the side-post or lining of a doorway or other aperture. The jambs of a window outside the frame are called reveals . Small shafts to doors and windows with caps and bases are called jamb-shafts ; when in the inside arris of the jamb of a window, they are sometimes called scoinsons .
Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of bearing walls and non-bearing walls. . These stick members, referred to as studs, wall plates and lintels (sometimes called headers), serve as a nailing base for all covering material and support the upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral strength along a
Framing square, or steel square, or carpenter's square, or roofing square Originally designed for timber framing, a framing square is made from a single flat piece of metal or polymer to a standardised design with a long, wide blade and at 90° to that a shorter, narrower tongue. It can also be used for measuring lengths and for calculating angles.
The tenon, formed on the end of a member generally referred to as a rail, fits into a square or rectangular hole cut into the other, corresponding member. The tenon is cut to fit the mortise hole exactly. It usually has shoulders that seat when the joint fully enters the mortise hole. The joint may be glued, pinned, or wedged to lock it in place.
HSS members can be circular, square, or rectangular sections, although other shapes such as elliptical are also available. HSS is only composed of structural steel per code. HSS is sometimes mistakenly referenced as hollow structural steel. Rectangular and square HSS are also commonly called tube steel or box section.
They are also made in several sizes such as 4, 6, 7, 8 and 12 inch, and 25 cm. Embedded degree gradations on the tool eliminate the need for trigonometric calculations and allow for lines to be more easily made. The Speed Square tool is an isosceles right triangle with a ruler on one equal side and a fence on the other.