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Tonicity is the extracellular solution’s ability to make water move inside or outside the cell by the process of osmosis. It measures the amount of solute dissolved in a specific amount of the solution, also known as the solution’s osmolarity.
Tonicity Definition. Tonicity is the concentration of a solution as compared to another solution. Concentration describes the amount of solutes dissolved by a solution. If a solution has a higher concentration of solutes (less water) than another it is said to be hypertonic.
In chemical biology, tonicity is a measure of the effective osmotic pressure gradient; the water potential of two solutions separated by a partially-permeable cell membrane. Tonicity depends on the relative concentration of selective membrane-impermeable solutes across a cell membrane which determine the direction and extent of osmotic flux.
The ability of an extracellular solution to make water move into or out of a cell by osmosis is known as its tonicity. Tonicity is a bit different from osmolarity because it takes into account both relative solute concentrations and the cell membrane’s permeability to those solutes.
Tonicity is the capability of a solution to modify the volume of cells by altering their water content. The movement of water into a cell can lead to hypotonicity or hypertonicity when water moves out of the cell.
Tonicity (and not osmolality) is important for predicting the overall final outcome (the equilibrium state) of a change in osmolality because it allows for those solutes which will cross the membrane.
Osmotic pressure and tonicity often are confusing to people. Both are scientific terms pertaining to pressure. Osmotic pressure is the pressure of a solution against a semipermeable membrane to prevent water from flowing inward across the membrane. Tonicity is the measure of this pressure.
Tonicity refers to the effect of a solution on cell volume. It is determined by whether a solution is isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic based on its impact on cell size. AI generated definition based on: Renal Physiology (Fifth Edition) , 2013
Tonicity describes how an extracellular solution can change the volume of a cell by affecting osmosis. A solution’s tonicity often directly correlates with the osmolarity of the solution. Osmolarity describes the total solute concentration of the solution.
The relative concentration of solutes on the outside of the cell is the solution’s tonicity. There are three terms we can use to describe the tonicity of the cell’s environment. Isotonic: The solute concentration outside the cell is equal to the solute concentration on the inside.