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  2. Amethyst - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amethyst

    Amethyst is a purple variety of quartz (SiO. 2) and owes its violet color to irradiation, impurities of iron (Fe3+. ) and in some cases other transition metals, and the presence of other trace elements, which result in complex crystal lattice substitutions. [2][3][4] The irradiation causes the iron Fe3+.

  3. List of gemstones by species - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gemstones_by_species

    This is a list of gemstones, organized by species and types. Minerals. There are over 300 types of minerals that have been used as gemstones. Such as: A–B

  4. Lapis lazuli - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapis_Lazuli

    A mixture of other minerals, often including pyrite. Lapis lazuli (UK: / ˌlæpɪs ˈlæz (j) ʊli, ˈlæʒʊ -, - ˌli /; US: / ˈlæz (j) əli, ˈlæʒə -, - ˌli /), or lapis for short, is a deep-blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color.

  5. List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._state...

    In 1986, California named benitoite as its state gemstone, a form of the mineral barium titanium silicate that is unique to the Golden State and only found in gem quality in San Benito County. [ 80 ] ^ Colorado is the only state whose geological symbols reflect the national flag's colors: red (rhodochrosite), white (yule marble), and blue ...

  6. Gemstone Meanings: Power and Significance of the 25 Most ...

    www.aol.com/gemstone-meanings-power-significance...

    Jade. “Long prized across many varied and ancient cultures from ancient China to the Incan and Aztec empires, Jade is a highly valuable gemstone that represents good fortune, luck, and abundance ...

  7. List of individual gemstones - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_individual_gemstones

    Logan Sapphire. Star of Bombay, given to Mary Pickford by Douglas Fairbanks, Sr. Star of India. Stuart Sapphire. Black Star of Queensland. Star of Adam, with a weight of 1,404.49 carats (280.898 g), it is the largest star sapphire in the world. Queen Marie of Romania Sapphire.

  8. Lake Superior agate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Superior_agate

    The Lake Superior agate is a type of agate stained by iron and found on the shores of Lake Superior. Its wide distribution and iron-rich bands of color reflect the gemstone's geologic history in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Michigan. In 1969 the Lake Superior agate was designated by the Minnesota Legislature as the official ...

  9. Jadeite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jadeite

    The name jadeite is derived (via French: jade and Latin: ilia [6]) from the Spanish phrase "piedra de ijada" which means "stone of the side". The Latin version of the name, lapis nephriticus , is the origin of the term nephrite , which is a different mineral that also shares the common name jade .

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