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  2. Second law of thermodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_law_of_thermodynamics

    The second law of thermodynamics is a physical law based on universal empirical observation concerning heat and energy interconversions.A simple statement of the law is that heat always flows spontaneously from hotter to colder regions of matter (or 'downhill' in terms of the temperature gradient).

  3. Laws of thermodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laws_of_thermodynamics

    The laws of thermodynamics are a set of scientific laws which define a group of physical quantities, such as temperature, energy, and entropy, that characterize thermodynamic systems in thermodynamic equilibrium.

  4. Simple linear regression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_linear_regression

    Related titles should be described in Simple linear regression, while unrelated titles should be moved to Simple linear regression (disambiguation). ( May 2019 ) Line fitting is the process of constructing a straight line that has the best fit to a series of data points.

  5. Single-line diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-line_diagram

    A typical one-line diagram with annotated power flows. Red boxes represent circuit breakers, grey lines represent three-phase bus and interconnecting conductors, the orange circle represents an electric generator, the green spiral is an inductor, and the three overlapping blue circles represent a double-wound transformer with a tertiary winding.

  6. Linear interpolation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_interpolation

    Linear interpolation on a data set (red points) consists of pieces of linear interpolants (blue lines). Linear interpolation on a set of data points (x 0, y 0), (x 1, y 1), ..., (x n, y n) is defined as piecewise linear, resulting from the concatenation of linear segment interpolants between each pair of data points.

  7. Causal loop diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causal_loop_diagram

    To determine if a causal loop is reinforcing or balancing, one can start with an assumption, e.g. "Variable 1 increases" and follow the loop around.

  8. Linear molecular geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_molecular_geometry

    Structure of beryllium fluoride (BeF 2), a compound with a linear geometry at the beryllium atom.. The linear molecular geometry describes the geometry around a central atom bonded to two other atoms (or ligands) placed at a bond angle of 180°.

  9. Third law of thermodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_law_of_thermodynamics

    In simple terms, the third law states that the entropy of a perfect crystal of a pure substance approaches zero as the temperature approaches zero. The alignment of a perfect crystal leaves no ambiguity as to the location and orientation of each part of the crystal.