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Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males. [3] In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testicles and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair.
Testosterone can be taken by a variety of different routes of administration. [2] [3] These include oral, buccal, sublingual, intranasal, transdermal (gels, creams, patches, solutions), vaginal (creams, gels, suppositories), rectal (suppositories), by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection (in oil solutions or aqueous suspensions), and as a subcutaneous implant.
Only certain organs in the body, such as the gonads and the adrenal glands, produce the androgen testosterone. Testosterone is converted into dihydrotestosterone, a chemically similar androgen, in cells containing the enzyme 5-alpha reductase. Both androgens exert their influence through binding with the androgen receptor.
Doctors explain what testosterone is and does, and why it's crucial for many functions in your body.
Researchers say higher testosterone levels in men under age 65 who are overweight or have obesity can help lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes
Follistatin, which is also produced in all body tissue, inhibits activin and gives the rest of the body more control over the axis. In males LH stimulates the interstitial cells located in the testicles to produce testosterone, and FSH plays a role in spermatogenesis. Only small amounts of estrogen are secreted in males.
The rest of your testosterone, free testosterone, is not attached to those proteins, but can instead flow to attach to any cell in your body. Since you have a smaller amount of free testosterone ...
Testosterone is therefore responsible primarily for the development of male primary sexual characteristics, whilst dihydrotestosterone is responsible for secondary male characteristics. Androgens cause slow maturation of the bones, but more of the potent maturation effect comes from the estrogen produced by aromatization of androgens.
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