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Statistics (from German: Statistik, orig. "description of a state, a country") [1][2] is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data. [3][4][5] In applying statistics to a scientific, industrial, or social problem, it is conventional to begin with a statistical population or a ...
The foundations of statistics are the mathematical and philosophical bases for statistical methods. These bases are theoretical frameworks that ground and justify methods of statistical inference, estimation, hypothesis testing, uncertainty quantification, and the interpretation of statistical conclusions. Further, a foundation can be used to ...
Statistics education is the practice of teaching and learning of statistics, along with the associated scholarly research. Statistics is both a formal science and a practical theory of scientific inquiry, and both aspects are considered in statistics education. Education in statistics has similar concerns as does education in other mathematical ...
Statistics is the most widely used branch of mathematics in quantitative research outside of the physical sciences, and also finds applications within the physical sciences, such as in statistical mechanics. Statistical methods are used extensively within fields such as economics, social sciences and biology.
Multivariate statistics. Multivariate statistics is a subdivision of statistics encompassing the simultaneous observation and analysis of more than one outcome variable, i.e., multivariate random variables. Multivariate statistics concerns understanding the different aims and background of each of the different forms of multivariate analysis ...
Data science is multifaceted and can be described as a science, a research paradigm, a research method, a discipline, a workflow, and a profession. [4] Data science is "a concept to unify statistics, data analysis, informatics, and their related methods" to "understand and analyze actual phenomena" with data. [5]
t. e. Mathematical statistics is the application of probability theory, a branch of mathematics, to statistics, as opposed to techniques for collecting statistical data. Specific mathematical techniques which are used for this include mathematical analysis, linear algebra, stochastic analysis, differential equations, and measure theory. [1][2]
Power (statistics) In frequentist statistics, power is a measure of the ability of an experimental design and hypothesis testing setup to detect a particular effect if it is truly present. In typical use, it is a function of the test used (including the desired level of statistical significance), the assumed distribution of the test (for ...