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  2. Inequality (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inequality_(mathematics)

    The feasible regions of linear programming are defined by a set of inequalities. In mathematics, an inequality is a relation which makes a non-equal comparison between two numbers or other mathematical expressions. [ 1 ] It is used most often to compare two numbers on the number line by their size.

  3. Income inequality metrics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_inequality_metrics

    Income inequality metrics or income distribution metrics are used by social scientists to measure the distribution of income and economic inequality among the participants in a particular economy, such as that of a specific country or of the world in general. While different theories may try to explain how income inequality comes about, income ...

  4. Triangle inequality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_inequality

    The triangle inequality is a defining property of norms and measures of distance. This property must be established as a theorem for any function proposed for such purposes for each particular space: for example, spaces such as the real numbers, Euclidean spaces, the L p spaces (p ≥ 1), and inner product spaces.

  5. Cauchy–Schwarz inequality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy–Schwarz_inequality

    Cauchy–Schwarz inequality. The Cauchy–Schwarz inequality (also called Cauchy–Bunyakovsky–Schwarz inequality) [1][2][3][4] is an upper bound on the inner product between two vectors in an inner product space in terms of the product of the vector norms. It is considered one of the most important and widely used inequalities in mathematics.

  6. Chebyshev's inequality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chebyshev's_inequality

    Chebyshev's inequality. In probability theory, Chebyshev's inequality (also called the Bienaymé–Chebyshev inequality) provides an upper bound on the probability of deviation of a random variable (with finite variance) from its mean. More specifically, the probability that a random variable deviates from its mean by more than is at most ...

  7. Linear inequality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_inequality

    Linear inequality. In mathematics a linear inequality is an inequality which involves a linear function. A linear inequality contains one of the symbols of inequality: [1] < less than. > greater than. ≤ less than or equal to. ≥ greater than or equal to. ≠ not equal to.

  8. Bell's theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell's_theorem

    Bell's theorem is a term encompassing a number of closely related results in physics, all of which determine that quantum mechanics is incompatible with local hidden-variable theories, given some basic assumptions about the nature of measurement. "Local" here refers to the principle of locality, the idea that a particle can only be influenced ...

  9. Sobolev inequality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobolev_inequality

    The first part of the Sobolev embedding theorem states that if k > ℓ, p < n and 1 ≤ p < q < ∞ are two real numbers such that. then. and the embedding is continuous. In the special case of k = 1 and ℓ = 0, Sobolev embedding gives. where p∗ is the Sobolev conjugate of p, given by. This special case of the Sobolev embedding is a direct ...

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