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Agricultural biodiversity or agrobiodiversity is a subset of general biodiversity pertaining to agriculture. It can be defined as "the variety and variability of animals, plants and micro-organisms at the genetic, species and ecosystem levels that sustain the ecosystem structures, functions and processes in and around production systems, and ...
The environmental impact of agriculture involves impacts on a variety of different factors: the soil, water, the air, animal and soil variety, people, plants, and the food itself. Agriculture contributes to a number larger of environmental issues that cause environmental degradation including: climate change, deforestation, biodiversity loss ...
The effects of climate change on plant biodiversity can be predicted by using various models, for example bioclimatic models. [5][6] Habitats may change due to climate change. This can cause non-native plants and pests to impact native vegetation diversity. [7] Therefore, the native vegetation may become more vulnerable to damage.
In May 2020, the European Union published its Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. The biodiversity strategy is an essential part of the climate change mitigation strategy of the European Union. From the 25% of the European budget that will go to fight climate change, large part will go to restore biodiversity [210] and nature based solutions.
Biodiversity is the measure of biotic and abiotic diversity in an ecosystem, described by heterogeneity. [1] The loss of biodiversity in agriculture has been an increasing issue since the global increase of food demands and success of popular crops. [3] [4] This loss of heterogeneity declines species biodiversity on agricultural lands. [5]
Intensive agriculture reduces the carbon level in soil, impairing soil structure, crop growth and ecosystem functioning, [56] and accelerating climate change. [56] Modification of agricultural practices is a recognized method of carbon sequestration as soil can act as an effective carbon sink. [57]
Climate change is already now altering biomes, adversely affecting terrestrial and marine ecosystems. [2][3] Climate change represents long-term changes in temperature and average weather patterns. [4][5] This leads to a substantial increase in both the frequency and the intensity of extreme weather events. [6]
Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) describes a variety of approaches for adapting to climate change, all of which involve the management of ecosystems to reduce the vulnerability of human communities to the impacts of climate change such as storm and flood damage to physical assets, coastal erosion, salinisation of freshwater resources, and loss of agricultural productivity.