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Orexin (/ ɒ ˈ r ɛ k s ɪ n /), also known as hypocretin, is a neuropeptide that regulates arousal, wakefulness, and appetite. [5] It exists in the forms of orexin-A and orexin-B.The most common form of narcolepsy, type 1, in which the individual experiences brief losses of muscle tone ("drop attacks" or cataplexy), is caused by a lack of orexin in the brain due to destruction of the cells ...
Pyrethrin is most commonly used as an insecticide and has been used for this purpose since the 1900s. [18] In the 1800s, it was known as " Persian powder ", "Persian pellitory", and "zacherlin". Pyrethrins delay the closure of voltage-gated sodium channels in the nerve cells of insects, resulting in repeated and extended nerve firings.
However, orexin-B shows a 5- to 10-fold selectivity for orexin receptor type 2, whilst orexin-A is equipotent at both receptors. [2] [3] Several orexin receptor antagonists are in development for potential use in sleep disorders. [4] The first of these, suvorexant, has been on the market in the United States since 2015. [5]
Herbicide – an agent that kills unwanted plants, a weed killer. Insecticide – an agent that kills unwanted insects. Larvicide (also larvacide) – an insecticide targeted against the larval life stage of an insect. Microbicide – an agent used to kill or reduce the infectiousness of microorganisms. Miticide – a chemical to kill mites.
Pesticide poisoning. A pesticide poisoning occurs when pesticides, chemicals intended to control a pest, affect non-target organisms such as humans, wildlife, plants, or bees. There are three types of pesticide poisoning. The first of the three is a single and short-term very high level of exposure which can be experienced by individuals who ...
structure summary. Orexin receptor type 2 (Ox2R or OX2), also known as hypocretin receptor type 2 (HcrtR2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HCRTR2 gene. [5] It should not be confused for the protein CD200R1 which shares the alias OX2R but is a distinct, unrelated gene located on the human chromosome 3.
Herbicide. A field after application of a herbicide. Weeds controlled with herbicide. Herbicides (US: / ˈɜːrbɪsaɪdz /, UK: / ˈhɜːr -/), also commonly known as weed killers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds. [1] Selective herbicides control specific weed species while leaving the desired crop ...
Insecticides are pesticides used to kill insects. [1] They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively. Acaricides, which kill mites and ticks, are not strictly insecticides, but are usually classified together with insecticides. The major use of Insecticides is agriculture, but they are also used in home ...