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The machine performs multiplication by repeated addition, and division by repeated subtraction. The basic operation performed is to add (or subtract) the operand number to the accumulator register, as many times as desired (to subtract, the operating crank is turned in the opposite direction). The number of additions (or subtractions) is ...
Pascal was led to develop a calculator by the laborious arithmetical calculations required by his father's work as the supervisor of taxes in Rouen, France. [2] He designed the machine to add and subtract two numbers and to perform multiplication and division through repeated addition or subtraction.
A slide calculator, also known as an Addiator after the best-known brand, is a mechanical calculator capable of addition and subtraction, once made by Addiator Gesellschaft of Berlin, Germany. Variants of it were manufactured from 1920 until 1982. The devices were made obsolete by the electronic calculator.
In mathematics education, there was a debate on the issue of whether the operation of multiplication should be taught as being a form of repeated addition.Participants in the debate brought up multiple perspectives, including axioms of arithmetic, pedagogy, learning and instructional design, history of mathematics, philosophy of mathematics, and computer-based mathematics.
Repeated addition of 1 is the same as counting ... Blaise Pascal invented the mechanical calculator in 1642; [44] it was the first operational adding machine. It made ...
Mechanical calculator from 1914 An Addiator can be used for addition and subtraction. Two different classes of mechanisms had become established by this time, reciprocating and rotary. The former type of mechanism was operated typically by a limited-travel hand crank; some internal detailed operations took place on the pull, and others on the ...
Addition and subtraction are not well-supported operations on slide rules and doing a calculation on a slide rule tends to be slower than on a calculator. [40] This led engineers to use mathematical equations that favored operations that were easy on a slide rule over more accurate but complex functions; these approximations could lead to ...
The symbol of addition is +. Examples are + = and + =. [44] The term summation is used if several additions are performed in a row. [45] Counting is a type of repeated addition in which the number 1 is continuously added. [46] Subtraction is the inverse of addition.