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Dike (geology) A magmatic dike (vertical) cross-cutting horizontal layers of sedimentary rock, in Makhtesh Ramon, Israel. In geology, a dike or dyke is a sheet of rock that is formed in a fracture of a pre-existing rock body. Dikes can be either magmatic or sedimentary in origin. Magmatic dikes form when magma flows into a crack then solidifies ...
A clastic dike is a seam of sedimentary material that fills an open fracture in and cuts across sedimentary rock strata or layering in other rock types. Clastic dikes form rapidly by fluidized injection (mobilization of pressurized pore fluids) or passively by water, wind, and gravity (sediment swept into open cracks).
Dike swarm. A dike swarm (American spelling) or dyke swarm (British spelling) is a large geological structure consisting of a major group of parallel, linear, or radially oriented magmatic dikes intruded within continental crust or central volcanoes in rift zones. Examples exist in Iceland [1] and near other large volcanoes, (stratovolcanoes ...
Levee. A levee (/ ˈlɛvi / or / ˈlɛveɪ /), [a][1] dike (American English), dyke (British English; see spelling differences), embankment, floodbank, or stop bank is a structure used to keep the course of rivers from changing and to protect against flooding of the area adjoining the river or coast.
Intrusive rock. Intrusive rock is formed when magma penetrates existing rock, crystallizes, and solidifies underground to form intrusions, such as batholiths, dikes, sills, laccoliths, and volcanic necks. [1][2][3] Intrusion is one of the two ways igneous rock can form. The other is extrusion, such as a volcanic eruption or similar event.
A sheeted dyke complex, or sheeted dike complex, is a series of sub-parallel intrusions of igneous rock, forming a layer within the oceanic crust. [1] At mid-ocean ridges, dykes are formed when magma beneath areas of tectonic plate divergence travels through a fracture in the earlier formed oceanic crust, feeding the lavas above and cooling ...
Ring dike. A ring dike or ring dyke is an intrusive igneous body that is circular, oval or arcuate in plan and has steep contacts. [1] While the widths of ring dikes differ, they can be up to several thousand meters. [2] The most commonly accepted method of ring dike formation is directly related to collapse calderas.
Diabase (/ ˈdaɪ.əˌbeɪs /), also called dolerite (/ ˈdɒl.əˌraɪt /) or microgabbro, [1] is a mafic, holocrystalline, subvolcanic rock equivalent to volcanic basalt or plutonic gabbro. Diabase dikes and sills are typically shallow intrusive bodies and often exhibit fine-grained to aphanitic chilled margins which may contain tachylite ...