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Adipocytes, also known as lipocytes and fat cells, are the cells that primarily compose adipose tissue, specialized in storing energy as fat. [1] Adipocytes are derived from mesenchymal stem cells which give rise to adipocytes through adipogenesis. In cell culture, adipocyte progenitors can also form osteoblasts, myocytes and other cell types.
The effect of glucose and insulin on the transcriptional factor can occur through various pathways; there is evidence suggesting that insulin promotes SREBP-1 mRNA expression in adipocytes [19] and hepatocytes. [20]
Histology features of a lipoblast, also known as an adipocyte precursor cell or preadipocyte.. Adipogenesis is the formation of adipocytes (fat cells) from stem cells. [1] It involves 2 phases, determination, and terminal differentiation.
Since lipids are hydrophobic molecules, they need to be solubilized before their metabolism can begin. Lipid metabolism often begins with hydrolysis, [7] which occurs with the help of various enzymes in the digestive system. [2] Lipid metabolism also occurs in plants, though the processes differ in some ways when compared to animals. [8]
Adipose tissue (also known as body fat or simply fat) is a loose connective tissue composed mostly of adipocytes. [1] [2] It also contains the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of cells including preadipocytes, fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells and a variety of immune cells such as adipose tissue macrophages.
116939 Ensembl ENSG00000100344 ENSMUSG00000041653 UniProt Q9NST1 Q91WW7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_025225 NM_054088 RefSeq (protein) NP_079501 NP_473429 NP_001395268 NP_001395269 NP_001395270 NP_001395271 Location (UCSC) Chr 22: 43.92 – 43.96 Mb Chr 15: 84.05 – 84.07 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3), also known ...
This system functions similarly to the branch-chain fatty acid synthesizing system, however it uses short-chain carboxylic acids as primers instead of alpha-keto acids. In general, this method is used by bacteria that do not have the ability to perform the branch-chain fatty acid system using alpha-keto primers.
In adipocytes, lipid bodies tend to be larger and they may compose the majority of the cell, while in other cells they may only be induced under certain conditions and are considerably smaller in size. Lro1 is a type II integral membrane protein. The N-terminal domain facing the cytoplasm or nucleoplasm and containing a short basic region (RKRR).