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Therefore a reverse channel to request re-transmission may not be needed. The cost is a fixed, higher forward channel bandwidth. The American mathematician Richard Hamming pioneered this field in the 1940s and invented the first error-correcting code in 1950: the Hamming (7,4) code. [5]
If the channel characteristics cannot be determined, or are highly variable, an error-detection scheme may be combined with a system for retransmissions of erroneous data. This is known as automatic repeat request (ARQ), and is most notably used in the Internet.
[8] The CD process can be abstracted as a sequence of the following sub-processes: Channel encoding of source of signals; Mechanical sub-processes of preparing a master disc, producing user discs and sensing the signals embedded on user discs while playing – the channel; Decoding the signals sensed from user discs
Fault detection, isolation, and recovery (FDIR) is a subfield of control engineering which concerns itself with monitoring a system, identifying when a fault has occurred, and pinpointing the type of fault and its location. Two approaches can be distinguished: A direct pattern recognition of sensor readings that indicate a fault and an analysis ...
Cyclic codes are not only simple to implement but have the benefit of being particularly well suited for the detection of burst errors: contiguous sequences of erroneous data symbols in messages. This is important because burst errors are common transmission errors in many communication channels , including magnetic and optical storage devices.
This restoration architecture is path-based and failure dependent, and is used after a fault occurs, for fault detection and isolation. This architecture is capacity-efficient due to the use of stub release but has a slow failure recovery time (the time it takes to reestablish traffic continuity after a failure by rerouting the signals on ...
The channel capture effect is a phenomenon where one user of a shared medium "captures" the medium for a significant time. During this period (usually 16 frames) [clarification needed], other users are denied use of the medium. This effect was first seen in networks using CSMA/CD on Ethernet.
Some vendors, including Intel, use the term lockstep memory to describe a multi-channel memory layout in which cache lines are distributed between two memory channels, so one half of the cache line is stored in a DIMM on the first channel, while the second half goes to a