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2. Driven and parasitic elements - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driven_and_parasitic_elements

   The driven element is often a dipole. The parasitic elements act as resonators and couple electromagnetically with the driven element, and serve to modify the radiation pattern of the antenna, directing the radio waves in one direction, increasing the gain of the antenna. An antenna may have more than one driven element, although the most ...

3. Impedance matching - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impedance_matching

   Impedance matching. Source and load impedance circuit. In electrical engineering, impedance matching is the practice of designing or adjusting the input impedance or output impedance of an electrical device for a desired value. Often, the desired value is selected to maximize power transfer or minimize signal reflection.

4. Active antenna - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_antenna

   An active antenna is an antenna that contains active electronic components such as transistors, as opposed to most antennas which only consist of passive components such as metal rods, capacitors and inductors. Active antenna designs allow antennas of limited size to have a wider frequency range (bandwidth) than passive antennas, and are ...

5. Phased array - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phased_array

   An active phased array or active electronically scanned array (AESA) is a phased array in which each antenna element has an analog transmitter/receiver (T/R) module [13] which creates the phase shifting required to electronically steer the antenna beam. Active arrays are a more advanced, second-generation phased-array technology that are used ...

6. Beam steering - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_steering

   Beam steering is a technique for changing the direction of the main lobe of a radiation pattern. In radio and radar systems, beam steering may be accomplished by switching the antenna elements or by changing the relative phases of the RF signals driving the elements. As a result, this directs the transmit signal towards an intended receiver.

7. Near and far field - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_and_far_field

   For such an antenna, the near field is the region within a radius r ≪ λ, while the far-field is the region for which r ≫ 2 λ. The transition zone is the region between r = λ and r = 2 λ . The length of the antenna, D, is not important, and the approximation is the same for all shorter antennas (sometimes idealized as so-called point ...