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The geography of Scotland is varied, from rural lowlands to unspoilt uplands, and from large cities to sparsely inhabited islands. Located in Northern Europe, Scotland comprises the northern part of the island of Great Britain as well as 790 surrounding islands encompassing the major archipelagos of the Shetland Islands, Orkney Islands and the Inner and Outer Hebrides. [3]
The mainland of Scotland comprises the northern third of the land mass of the island of Great Britain, which lies off the northwest coast of Continental Europe. The total area is 30,977 square miles (80,231 km 2) with a land area of 30,078 square miles (77,901 km 2 ), [ 3] comparable to the size of the Czech Republic.
Scotland is: a country of the United Kingdom. Scotland was: an independent, sovereign country until 1707 when it formed a union with England. Population of Scotland: 5,436,600 (2022 census) Area of Scotland: 78 772 km 2 (30,414 square miles), approximately 32% of the area of the United Kingdom (UK) Places in Scotland. Atlas of Scotland.
The Highlands (Scots: the Hielands; Scottish Gaelic: a' Ghàidhealtachd [ə ˈɣɛːəl̪ˠt̪ʰəxk], lit. ' the place of the Gaels ') is a historical region of Scotland. [1] [failed verification] Culturally, the Highlands and the Lowlands diverged from the Late Middle Ages into the modern period, when Lowland Scots language replaced Scottish Gaelic throughout most of the Lowlands.
The term "Lowlands" is sometimes used to refer specifically to the "Central Lowlands", an area also known as the "Midland Valley". This area mainly encompasses the basins of the Rivers Forth and Clyde, and houses approximately 80 percent of Scotland's population (3.5 million in the Central Belt ). Historically, the Midland Valley has been ...
The climate of Scotland is mostly temperate and oceanic ( Köppen climate classification Cfb ), and tends to be very changeable, but rarely extreme. It is warmed by the Gulf Stream from the Atlantic, and given its northerly latitude it is much warmer than areas on similar latitudes, for example Kamchatka in Russia or Labrador in Canada (where ...
Pop. The demography of Scotland includes all aspects of population, past and present, in the area that is now Scotland. Scotland had a population of 5,463,300 in 2019. The population growth rate in 2011 was estimated as 0.6% per annum according to the 2011 GROS Annual Review.
Simplified German version of Ptolemy's "first map of Europe", representing the British Isles (Britannische Inseln), from Sebastian Münster's 1550 German edition of his Cosmographia published in Basel (Basel University Library). By the middle of the 16th century the term appears on maps made by geographers including Sebastian Münster. [108]