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Today, many theorists use the concept of working memory (WM) to replace the concept of Short Term Memory. This new model of STM “shifted the focus from memory structure to memory processes and functions”. To put it another way, WM refers to both structures and processes used for storing and manipulating information.
Memory that lingers for a moment (or even less than a second) could be described as short-term memory, while any kind of information that is preserved for remembering at a later point can be...
The Working Memory Model, proposed by Baddeley and Hitch in 1974, describes short-term memory as a system with multiple components. It comprises the central executive, which controls attention and coordinates the phonological loop (handling auditory information), and the visuospatial sketchpad (processing visual and spatial information).
Some researchers use the term working memory and distinguish it from short-term memory, though the two overlap. Working memory can be defined as the ability of our brains to keep a limited amount of information available long enough to use it.
Working memory has been conceived and defined in three different, slightly discrepant ways: as short-term memory applied to cognitive tasks, as a multi-component system that holds and manipulates information in short-term memory, and as the use of attention to manage short-term memory.
While short-term memory deals with the passive storage of information, working memory refers to temporary memory that is being processed, manipulated, or used to complete a specific...
With Short Term and Working Memory, information is accessible seconds to minutes after it is first encountered. Long Term Memory has an accessibility period from minutes to years to decades. This chapter will focus on short-term and working memory— different terms for overlapping concepts.