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This created a contrast with the languages near the periphery (which include Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and Romanian) which are deemed as "conservative". [5] Sardinian is generally acknowledged as the most conservative Romance languages, at least from a phonetic point of view.
Adjective morphology is simpler in Interlingua because it lacks any declension; noun morphology is also easier since it lacks an accusative form. Interlingua draws its roots from certain "control languages": French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, English, German and Russian.
In the case of transparently cognate languages recognized as distinct such as Spanish and Italian, mutual intelligibility is in principle and in practice not binary (simply yes or no), but occurs in varying degrees, subject to numerous variables specific to individual speakers in the context of the communication.
Romance; Latin/Neo-Latin: Geographic distribution: Originated in Old Latium on the Italian peninsula, now spoken in Latin Europe (parts of Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, and Western Europe) and Latin America (a majority of the countries of Central America and South America), as well as parts of Africa (Latin Africa), Asia, and Oceania.
For example, Spanish el viaje 'the journey' (masculine, like French le voyage and Italian il viaggio) corresponds to the Portuguese feminine a viagem. Similarly, el puente 'bridge', el dolor 'pain', or el árbol 'tree' are masculine nouns in Modern Spanish, whereas a ponte , a dor , and a árvore are feminine in Portuguese.
[19] [18] In fact, Standard Italian itself can be thought of as either a continuation of, or a dialect heavily based on, the Florentine dialect of Tuscan. The indigenous Romance languages of Italy are therefore classified as separate languages that evolved from Latin just like Standard Italian, rather than "dialects" or variations of the latter.
Italian is an official language in Italy, San Marino, Switzerland (Ticino and the Grisons), Corsica, and Vatican City. It has official minority status in Croatia, Slovenian Istria, and the municipalities of Santa Tereza and Encantado in Brazil. [15] [16] Italian is also spoken by large immigrant and expatriate communities in the Americas and ...
But throughout the world, Italian is the fifth most taught foreign language, after English, French, German, and Spanish. [ 61 ] In the European Union statistics, Italian is spoken as a native language by 13% of the EU population, or 65 million people, [ 62 ] mainly in Italy.
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