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Artaxerxes had to face a revolt in Egypt in 460–454 BC led by Inaros II, who was the son of a Libyan prince named Psamtik, presumably descended from the Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt. In 460 BC, Inaros II revolted against the Persians with the help of his Athenian allies, and defeated the Persian army commanded by satrap Achaemenes .
Documents from Babylon dating in Artaxerxes' reign, refer to certain estates as "the house of the woman of the palace". This anonymous woman could be Damaspia, or the queen mother Amestris . [ 4 ] In an episode from the biblical book of Nehemiah (2:6) Artaxerxes is mentioned as being in the company of a royal wife, who could be identified with ...
Amestris (Greek: Άμηστρις, Amēstris, perhaps the same as Άμαστρις, Amāstris, from Old Persian Amāstrī-, "strong woman") [2] was an Achaemenid queen, wife of king Xerxes I and mother of king Artaxerxes I. [3] [4] She was poorly regarded by ancient Greek historians. [5] [6] [7]
The Septuagint, the Vulgate, the Midrash of Esther Rabbah, I, 3, and the Josippon identify him as Artaxerxes. Many historians and exegetes from ancient times and the middle ages also identified Ahasuerus with Artaxerxes I, including, most notably, Josephus, [11] who relates that "Artaxerxes" was the name by which he was known to the Greeks. [12]
Xerxes I (/ ˈ z ɜː r k ˌ s iː z / ZURK-seez [2] [a] c. 518 – August 465 BC), commonly known as Xerxes the Great, [4] was a Persian ruler who served as the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 486 BC until his assassination in 465 BC.
His name is probably a shortened Aramaic translation of the Hebrew name עזריהו (Azaryahu), meaning "Yah helps". In the Hebrew Bible , or the Christian Old Testament , Ezra is an important figure in the books of Ezra and Nehemiah , which he is traditionally held to have written and edited, respectively.
Parysatis was the daughter of King of Kings Artaxerxes I of Persia and Andria of Babylon.She was the half-sister of Xerxes II, Sogdianus, and Darius II.She married her half-brother Darius II [1] and had 13 sons, of which four survived to adulthood: Artaxerxes II, Cyrus the Younger, Ostanes, and Oxathres.
Arses was the youngest son of Artaxerxes III and his wife Atossa. [2] Arses had several brothers, only one whose name is attested, a certain Bisthanes. [ 2 ] Persia was experiencing a resurgence under Artaxerxes III, who reorganized his empire, and suppressed revolts throughout the country. [ 3 ]