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With a peak current of 5 A, the BEC will have losses of (12 V − 5 V) × 5 A = 35 W. With a linear regulator, these 35 W will be converted to heat and so require a large heat sink. This is an efficiency of (5 V / 12 V) = 41.7%. However, a switching mode regulator with a buck step-down supply can achieve over 90% efficiency. [1]
Logic circuits tend to do sudden switching (an ideal logic circuit would switch from low voltage to high voltage instantaneously, with no middle voltage ever observable). So logic circuit boards often have a decoupling capacitor close to each logic IC connected from each power supply connection to a nearby ground.
Mirror-image insertion protection means that a regulator is designed for use when a voltage, usually not higher than the maximum input voltage of the regulator, is applied to its output pin while its input terminal is at a low voltage, volt-free or grounded. Some regulators can continuously withstand this situation.
If connected in series with the circuit it simply prevents reversed current, but if connected in parallel it can shunt the reversed supply, causing a fuse or other current limiting circuit to open. All semiconductor diodes have a threshold voltage – typically between 0.5 volt and 1 volt – that must be exceeded before significant current ...
Voltage protection circuits protect circuitry from either overvoltage or undervoltage; either of these situations can have detrimental effects. [2] Supervisory circuits that specifically focus on voltage regulation are often sold as supply voltage supervisors and will reset the protected circuit when the voltage returns to operating range.
One style of current limiting circuit is shown in the image. The schematic represents a simple protection mechanism used in regulated DC supplies and class-AB power amplifiers. Q1 is the pass or output transistor. R sens is the load current sensing device. Q2 is the protection transistor which turns on as soon as the voltage across R sens ...
Block scheme for voltage regulator in an electronic circuit. In electronics, a linear regulator is a voltage regulator used to maintain a steady voltage. [1] The resistance of the regulator varies in accordance with both the input voltage and the load, resulting in a constant voltage output.
Rather, a regulator increases or decreases current supplied to the load in order to maintain a constant output voltage. A simple passive shunt voltage regulator may consist of a series resistor to drop source voltage to the required level and a Zener diode shunt with reverse voltage equal to the set voltage. When input voltage rises, the diode ...