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Diltiazem has negative inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic effects. This means diltiazem causes a decrease in heart muscle contractility – how strong the beat is, lowering of heart rate – due to slowing of the sinoatrial node, and a slowing of conduction through the atrioventricular node – increasing
[13] [14] In the heart, this contributes to a decreased heart rate. They do so by the G βγ subunit of the G protein; G βγ shifts the open probability of K + channels in the membrane of the cardiac pacemaker cells, which causes an outward current of potassium, effectively hyperpolarizing the membrane, which slows down the heart rate.
Class III agents affect potassium (K +) efflux. Class IV agents affect calcium channels and the AV node. Class V agents work by other or unknown mechanisms. With regard to management of atrial fibrillation, classes I and III are used in rhythm control as medical cardioversion agents, while classes II and IV are used as rate-control agents.
“Aside from cardiac-specific medications, some medications for thyroid conditions and migraines can also affect your resting heart rate,” she notes. ... Some drugs and medications affect heart ...
Chronotropic effects (from chrono-, meaning time, and tropos, "a turn") are those that change the heart rate.. Chronotropic drugs may change the heart rate and rhythm by affecting the electrical conduction system of the heart and the nerves that influence it, such as by changing the rhythm produced by the sinoatrial node.
If your heart rate is slow and you feel dizzy and that you are about to pass out, it is important to see a doctor right away, says Paul Wang, M.D., director of the Stanford Cardiac Arrhythmia ...
A medical monitoring device displaying a normal human heart rate. Heart rate is the frequency of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions of the heart per minute (beats per minute, or bpm). The heart rate varies according to the body's physical needs, including the need to absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide.
A dromotropic agent is one which affects the conduction speed (in fact the magnitude of delay [1]) in the AV node, and subsequently the rate of electrical impulses in the heart. [2] [3] Positive dromotropy increases conduction velocity (e.g. epinephrine stimulation), negative dromotropy decreases velocity (e.g. vagal stimulation). [4]