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  2. Principle of individuation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_individuation

    For example, twin daughters are both human females, and share a unity of nature. This specific unity, according to Aristotle, is derived from Form, for it is form (which the medieval philosophers called quiddity) which makes an individual substance the kind of thing it is. But two individuals (such as the twins) can share exactly the same form ...

  3. Philosophy of Thomas Carlyle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_Thomas_Carlyle

    Bust of Carlyle in the Hall of Heroes at the Wallace Monument, 1891. Thomas Carlyle's religious, historical and political thought has long been the subject of debate.In the 19th century, he was "an enigma" according to Ian Campbell in the Dictionary of Literary Biography, being "variously regarded as sage and impious, a moral leader, a moral desperado, [a] a radical, a conservative, a Christian."

  4. John of St. Thomas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_St._Thomas

    John of St. Thomas O.P., born João Poinsot (also called John Poinsot in English; 9 July 1589 – 15 June 1644), was a Portuguese Dominican friar, Thomist theologian, and professor of philosophy. He is known for being an early theorist in the field of semiotics .

  5. Joseph Butler - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Butler

    He is known for critiques of Deism, Thomas Hobbes's egoism, and John Locke's theory of personal identity. [5] The many philosophers and religious thinkers Butler influenced included David Hume, Thomas Reid, Adam Smith, [6] Henry Sidgwick, [7] John Henry Newman, [8] and C. D. Broad, [9] and is widely seen as "one of the pre-eminent English ...

  6. Grammar of Assent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar_of_Assent

    An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of Assent (commonly abbreviated to the last three words) is John Henry Newman's seminal book on the philosophy of faith. [1] Completed in 1870, the book took Newman 20 years to write, he confided to friends.

  7. Thomism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomism

    Thomism is the philosophical and theological school which arose as a legacy of the work and thought of Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274), the Dominican philosopher, theologian, and Doctor of the Church. In philosophy, Thomas's disputed questions and commentaries on Aristotle are perhaps his best-known works.

  8. Jakob Thomasius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakob_Thomasius

    Jakob Thomasius (/ t oʊ ˈ m eɪ ʃ ə s /; Latin: Jacobus Thomasius; 27 August 1622 – 9 September 1684) was a German academic philosopher and jurist. He is now regarded as an important founding figure in the scholarly study of the history of philosophy. His views were eclectic, and were taken up by his son Christian Thomasius.

  9. Henry Johnstone Jr. - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Johnstone_Jr.

    Henry Johnstone Jr. (1920–2000) was an American philosopher and rhetorician known especially for his notion of the "rhetorical wedge" and his re-evaluation of the ad hominem fallacy. He was Professor of Philosophy at Pennsylvania State University (1952–1984) and began studying Classics in the late 1970s. [ 1 ]