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This oil, after being washed with aqueous sodium hydroxide to remove acidic components (chiefly various phenols), and with sulfuric acid to remove basic components, undergoes fractional distillation to isolate naphthalene. The crude naphthalene resulting from this process is about 95% naphthalene by weight.
Flange connections were essential as blockages from naphthalene or pitchy deposits were likely to occur. The condensed liquids flowed down the sloping pipes in the same direction as the gas. As long as gas flow was slow, this was an effective method for the removal of naphthalene. Vertical air condensers had gas and tar outlets.
Naftalan or Naphtalan is a type of crude oil.It is named after Naftalan, Azerbaijan, where it is found.It is known for its use in alternative medicine.. Naftalan crude oil is too heavy for normal export uses (unlike Azerbaijan's plentiful Caspian Sea oil): it contains about 50 percent cycloalkanes (naphthenic hydrocarbons).
Naphtha (/ ˈ n æ f θ ə /, recorded as less common or nonstandard [1] in all dictionaries: / ˈ n æ p θ ə /) is a flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture.Generally, it is a fraction of crude oil, but it can also be produced from natural-gas condensates, petroleum distillates, and the fractional distillation of coal tar and peat.
Naphthenic acid can refer to derivatives and isomers of naphthalene carboxylic acids. In the petrochemical industry, NA's refer to alkyl carboxylic acids found in petroleum. [3] The term naphthenic acid has roots in the somewhat archaic term "naphthene" (cycloaliphatic but non-aromatic) used to classify hydrocarbons.
Petroleum naphtha is an intermediate hydrocarbon liquid stream derived from the refining of crude oil [1] [2] [3] with CAS-no 64742-48-9. [4] It is most usually desulfurized and then catalytically reformed, which rearranges or restructures the hydrocarbon molecules in the naphtha as well as breaking some of the molecules into smaller molecules to produce a high-octane component of gasoline (or ...
For refineries, the interest has been primarily focused on the distribution between the distillation fractions: petrol, paraffin, gas oil, lubricant distillate, etc. Refiners look at the density of the crude oil – whether it is light, medium or heavy – or the sulfur content, i.e. whether the crude oil is “sweet” or “sour”.
Alkylated naphthalenes are chemical compounds made by the alkylation of naphthalene or its derivatives with an olefin. These compounds are used as synthetic base oils, and are claimed to have improved oxidative stability over some conventional base oils.