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The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon (Latin: Pauperes commilitones Christi Templique Salomonici and French: Pauvres Chevaliers du Christ et du Temple de Salomon) are also known as the Order of Solomon's Temple, and mainly the Knights Templar (French: Les Chevaliers Templiers), or simply the Templars (French: Les Templiers).
14th Grand Master of the Knights Templar; In office 1210–1218: Preceded by: Philippe du Plessis: Succeeded by: Pedro de Montaigu: Personal details; Born: c. 1178 Champagne, France: Died: August 1218 (aged 40-42) Damietta, Egypt: Military service; Allegiance: Knights Templar: Battles/wars
The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Jesus Christ, commonly known as the Knights Templar, [2] originally began c. 1120, when a group of eight Christian Knights approached Warmund, Patriarch of Jerusalem and requested permission to defend the Kingdom of Jerusalem. [3] Baldwin II of Jerusalem gave them quarters in the Temple of Solomon.
The Knights Templar were an elite fighting force of their day, highly trained, well-equipped, and highly motivated; one of the tenets of their religious order was that they were forbidden from retreating in battle, unless outnumbered three to one, and even then only by order of their commander, or if the Templar flag went down.
In August 1179, the new Templar fortress was captured and the knights stationed there were beheaded by the Muslim forces. Odo died in one of Saladin's jails sometime during 1180, although no exact date survives. [3] His release was proposed, in exchange for one of Saladin's captive nephews, but negotiations came too late.
Gilbert Horal was born an Aragonese (from the Kingdom of Aragon in modern-day Spain), and entered the Templars at a young age. He stayed in the provinces of Provence and Aragon, where he took part in the battles of the Reconquista on the Iberian Peninsula, and became Grand Master of the province until 1190.
Guillaume de Beaujeu, aka William of Beaujeu (c. 1230 – 1291) was the 21st Grand Master of the Knights Templar, from 1273 until his death during the siege of Acre in 1291. He was the last Grand Master to preside in Palestine.
The history of Thibaud Gaudin within the Order is rather mysterious. Born to a noble family in the area of Chartres or Blois, France, he entered the Knights Templar well before 1260, because on that date he was taken prisoner during an attack on Tiberias. His great piety was deemed worthy of the nickname of "Gaudin Monk".