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  2. Parsing expression grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsing_expression_grammar

    A parsing expression is a kind of pattern that each string may either match or not match.In case of a match, there is a unique prefix of the string (which may be the whole string, the empty string, or something in between) which has been consumed by the parsing expression; this prefix is what one would usually think of as having matched the expression.

  3. Regular expression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression

    Regular expression techniques are developed in theoretical computer science and formal language theory. The concept of regular expressions began in the 1950s, when the American mathematician Stephen Cole Kleene formalized the concept of a regular language. They came into common use with Unix text-processing utilities.

  4. Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knuth–Morris–Pratt...

    In computer science, the Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm (or KMP algorithm) is a string-searching algorithm that searches for occurrences of a "word" W within a main "text string" S by employing the observation that when a mismatch occurs, the word itself embodies sufficient information to determine where the next match could begin, thus bypassing re-examination of previously matched characters.

  5. Aho–Corasick algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aho–Corasick_algorithm

    Aho–Corasick algorithm. In computer science, the Aho–Corasick algorithm is a string-searching algorithm invented by Alfred V. Aho and Margaret J. Corasick in 1975. [1] It is a kind of dictionary-matching algorithm that locates elements of a finite set of strings (the "dictionary") within an input text. It matches all strings simultaneously.

  6. RE/flex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re/flex

    RE/flex (regex-centric, fast lexical analyzer) is a free and open source computer program written in C++ that generates fast lexical analyzers (also known as "scanners" or "lexers") in C++. RE/flex offers full Unicode support, indentation anchors, word boundaries, lazy quantifiers (non-greedy, lazy repeats), and performance tuning options.

  7. Edit distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance

    Edit distance. In computational linguistics and computer science, edit distance is a string metric, i.e. a way of quantifying how dissimilar two strings (e.g., words) are to one another, that is measured by counting the minimum number of operations required to transform one string into the other. Edit distances find applications in natural ...

  8. Context-free grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Context-free_grammar

    In formal language theory, a context-free grammar (CFG) is a formal grammar whose production rules can be applied to a nonterminal symbol regardless of its context. In particular, in a context-free grammar, each production rule is of the form. with a single nonterminal symbol, and a string of terminals and/or nonterminals ( can be empty).

  9. "Hello, World!" program - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"Hello,_World!"_program

    program. A "Hello, World!" program is generally a simple computer program that emits (or displays) to the screen (often the console) a message similar to "Hello, World!". A small piece of code in most general-purpose programming languages, this program is used to illustrate a language's basic syntax. A "Hello, World!"